Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38513796›Full record

ArticleJournal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders2024

Magnetic resonance lymphangiography: Establishing normal.

Mike Mills, Greta Brezgyte, Bernard Ho, Julian Pearce, Kristiana Gordon, Peter S Mortimer, Pia Ostergaard, Franklyn A Howe

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mike MillsNeurosciencs and Cell Biology Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK. Electronic address: mmills@sgul.ac.uk.
Greta BrezgyteCardiovascular and Genomics Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK.
Bernard HoDermatology and Lymphovascular Medicine, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Julian PearceDermatology and Lymphovascular Medicine, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Kristiana GordonCardiovascular and Genomics Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK; Dermatology and Lymphovascular Medicine, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Peter S MortimerCardiovascular and Genomics Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK; Dermatology and Lymphovascular Medicine, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Pia OstergaardCardiovascular and Genomics Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK.
Franklyn A HoweNeurosciencs and Cell Biology Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK.
St George's, University of London · GBSt George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite an increased interest in visualizing the lymphatic vessels with magnetic resonance lymphangiography (MRL), little literature is available describing their appearance in nonlymphedematous individuals. To determine lymphatic abnormalities, an understanding of how healthy lymphatic vessels appear and behave needs to be established. Therefore, in this study, MRL of individuals without a history of lymphatic disease was performed.

methodsA total of 25 individuals (15 women) underwent MRL of their lower limbs using a 3.0 T Philips magnetic resonance imaging scanner (Philips Medical Systems). The first nine participants were recruited to establish the concentration of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) to administer, with the remainder imaged before and after interdigital forefoot GBCA injections at the optimized dose. Outcomes, including lymphatic vessel diameter, tortuosity, and frequency of drainage via particular drainage routes, were recorded.

resultsHealthy lymphatic vessels following the anteromedial pathway were routinely observed in post-contrast T1-weighted images (average tortuosity, 1.09 ± 0.03), with an average of 2.16 ± 0.93 lymphatic vessels with a diameter of 2.47 ± 0.50 mm crossing the anterior ankle. In six limbs, vessels following the anterolateral pathways were observed. No vessels traversing the posterior of the legs were seen. In a subset of 10 vessels, the lymphatic signal, measured at the ankle, peaked 29 minutes, 50 seconds ± 9 minutes, 29 seconds after GBCA administration. No lymphatic vessels were observed in T2-weighted images.

conclusionsContrast-enhanced MRL reliably depicts the lymphatic vessels in the legs of healthy controls. Following interdigital contrast injection, anteromedial drainage appears dominant. Quantitative measures related to lymphatic vessel size, tortuosity, and drainage rate are readily obtainable and could be beneficial for detecting even subtle lymphatic impairment.

Indexed as

Contrast MediaLymphatic VesselsLymphographyMagnetic Resonance ImagingPredictive Value of TestsAdultFemaleGadolinium DTPAHealthy VolunteersHumansLower ExtremityMaleMeglumineMiddle AgedOrganometallic CompoundsYoung AdultContrast MediaGadolinium DTPAMeglumineOrganometallic CompoundsLower extremityLymphatic vesselsLymphographyMagnetic resonance imaging

Identifiers

PMID38513796
PMCPMC11413519
OpenAlexW4392974538

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.