ArticleJournal of nephrology2024
Association of serum sodium levels with fractures and mortality in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.
Article in Journal of nephrology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed, 0 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Local Bone Grafting Combined with Implant Restoration in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Partial Edentulism.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2026Article
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12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHyponatremia is implicated in pathological bone resorption and has been identified as a risk factor for bone fracture in the general population. However, there are limited data on the association between serum sodium levels and fracture risk in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD).
methodsWe analyzed a historical cohort of 2220 maintenance HD patients to examine the association between serum sodium levels and the risk of fracture and mortality. We also examined the association between serum sodium levels and osteoporosis, based on metacarpal bone mineral density, in a subcohort of 455 patients with available data. In addition, we examined the association between serum sodium levels and bone turnover markers in a separate cross-sectional cohort of 654 maintenance HD patients.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 5.4 years, 712 patients died, 113 experienced clinical fractures, and 64 experienced asymptomatic vertebral fractures. Lower serum sodium levels were associated with an increased risk of mortality (HR 1.06 per 1 mEq/L decrease; 95% CI 1.03-1.09) but not with the risk of clinical fracture (HR 1.04 per 1 mEq/L decrease; 95% CI 0.97-1.11). A similar lack of association was observed for asymptomatic vertebral fracture and any fracture. Serum sodium levels were also not associated with osteoporosis in a subcohort with available data (n = 455) or with bone alkaline phosphatase or tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b in a separate cross-sectional cohort.
conclusionSerum sodium levels were associated with mortality but not with fracture risk, osteoporosis, or bone turnover markers in maintenance HD patients.
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