ArticleMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2024
Risk of multiple sclerosis in individuals with infectious mononucleosis: a national population-based cohort study using hospital records in England, 2003-2023.
Article in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Update on the Incidence of Paediatric Multiple Sclerosis, Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease, Aquaporin-4 Antibody-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder, and Other Acquired Demyelinating Syndromes in the Netherlands, 2017-2025, Including the COVID-19 Pandemic.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanistic Insights into Virus-Driven Autoimmunity.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Risk of Multiple Sclerosis Among Persons with Epstein Barr Virus-Positive Mononucleosis: A Population-Based Study.Neurology open access · 2026Article
- Why Is MS a More Frequent Complication of EBV Infection in Females?Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Article
- Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review on Prevention and the Concept of an Infection-Driven Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Epstein-Barr virus exploits desmocollin 2 as the principal epithelial cell entry receptor.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Population-Based Incidence of Infectious Mononucleosis and Related Hospitalizations: 2010 Through 2021.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2025Article
- Acute infectious mononucleosis generates persistent, functional EBNA-1 antibodies with high cross-reactivity to alpha-crystalline beta.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Knowledge mapping of childhood infectious mononucleosis: a bibliometric analysis for the twenty-first century.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Research landmarks on the 60th anniversary of Epstein-Barr virus.Science China. Life sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- The EBV-MS connection: the enigma remains.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is thought to be a necessary causative agent in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). Infectious mononucleosis (IM), which occurs up to 70% of adolescents and young adults with primary EBV infection, appears to be a further risk factor but few studies have been highly powered enough to explore this association by time since IM diagnosis.
objectiveThe objective was to quantify the risk of MS in individuals with IM compared with the general population, with particular focus on time since IM diagnosis.
methodsIn this retrospective cohort study using English national Hospital Episode Statistics from 2003 to 2023, patients with a hospital diagnosis of IM were compared with the general population for MS incidence.
resultsMS incidence in patients with IM was nearly three times higher than the general population after multivariable adjustment (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI = 2.3-3.4), driven by strong associations at long time intervals (>5 years) between IM diagnosis and subsequent MS diagnosis.
conclusionWhile EBV infection may be a prerequisite for MS, the disease process of IM (i.e. the body's defective immune response to primary EBV infection) seems to be, in addition, implicated over the long term.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.