Investigating environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) emissions of 3D printing process.

Farhana Hasan, Phillip M Potter, Souhail R Al-Abed, Joanna Matheson, Slawomir M Lomnicki

Open access · greenAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Farhana HasanDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.

Phillip M PotterU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Research and Emergency Response, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA.

Souhail R Al-AbedU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Research and Emergency Response, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA.

Joanna MathesonU.S. Consumer Product and Safety Commission, Health Sciences Directorate, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.

Slawomir M LomnickiDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.

Environmental Protection Agency · USLouisiana State University · USUnited States Consumer Product Safety Commission · US

Funding

Intramural EPA EPA999999

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, the emission of particles and gaseous pollutants from 3D printing has attracted much attention due to potential health risks. This study investigated the generation of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs, organic free radicals stabilized on or inside particles) in total particulate matter (TPM) released during the 3D printing process. Commercially available 3D printer filaments, made of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) in two different colors and metal content, ABS-blue (19.66 μg/g Cu) and ABS-black (3.69 μg/g Fe), were used for printing. We hypothesized that the metal content/composition of the filaments contributes not only to the type and number of EPFRs in TPM emissions, but also impacts the overall yield of TPM emissions. TPM emissions during printing with ABS-blue (11.28 μg/g of printed material) were higher than with ABS-black (7.29 μg/g). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, employed to measure EPFRs in TPM emissions of both filaments, revealed higher EPFR concentrations in ABS-blue TPM (6.23 × 10

Indexed as

3D printingElectron paramagnetic resonanceEnvironmentally persistent free radicalsFilamentsFused filament fabricationMetal additivesTotal particulate matter

Identifiers

PMID38510278

DOI10.1016/j.cej.2023.148158

PMCPMC10953813

OpenAlexW4389921783

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.