ArticleClinical oral investigations2024
At-home bleaching with carbamide peroxide with concentrations below 10%: bleaching efficacy and permeability in the pulp chamber.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of low-concentration at-home bleaching gels on whitening and tooth sensitivity: a split mouth randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2025Trial
- Influence of Different Protocols on In-Office Bleaching: Whiteness Difference and Hydrogen Peroxide Penetration.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2025Trial
- Impact of the in-office bleaching gels pH on tooth sensitivity in combined bleaching techniques: a randomized clinical trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Trial
- Adhesive-based protective strategies for enamel cracks during in-office bleaching and their effect on hydrogen peroxide penetration.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Effects of Overnight Whitening Pens on Hydrogen Peroxide Penetration, Color Change, and Enamel Surface Properties.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Effects of bleaching agents containing nano-hydroxyapatite on sound and demineralized enamel: an in vitro study.Odontology · 2026Article
- In Vitro Effects of Combining Resin Infiltration and At-Home Bleaching on Hydrogen Peroxide Penetration, Color Change and Enamel Morphology.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Do bleaching gels supplied in attachable syringes maintain their bleaching efficacy 72 hours after mixing?Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Effect of violet and blue light activation on in-office bleaching with 6% hydrogen peroxide: color change, penetration into the pulp chamber and bleaching gel stability.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Impact of bleaching on white spot lesions: hydrogen peroxide permeability and color alteration.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Whitening Outcomes of Over-the-Counter Toothpastes: An In Vitro Study.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- Whitening toothpastes with hydrogen peroxide concentrations vs. at-home bleaching.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the bleaching efficacy and permeability of hydrogen peroxide (HP) in the pulp chamber of human teeth bleached with lower concentrations of carbamide peroxide gel (4%, 5% and 7% CP). MATERIALS AND
methodsBleaching gels with lower concentrations were formulated and a commercial standard gel, 10% CP, was used as a reference. Fifty-six human premolars were randomly divided into four groups. Applications of the bleaching gel were made for 3 h for 21 days. The bleaching efficacy was evaluated by digital spectrophotometry on 1, 7, 14 and 21 days, with analysis in the ∆E
resultsAll groups showed significant color changes, with no statistical differences after the second and third week of bleaching (p > 0.05). The 'time' factor was statistically different (p < 0.05), increasing the bleaching efficacy throughout the treatment. The 4% CP group had lower HP levels in the pulp chamber (p < 0.05).
conclusionsThe results seem promising, revealing that low concentration gels are as effective as 10% CP with the benefit of reducing the amount of HP in the pulp chamber. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Low concentration 4% PC and 5% PC maintains bleaching efficacy, reduces the penetration of HP peroxide into the pulp chamber, and may reduce tooth sensitivity.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.