ArticleThe international journal of lower extremity wounds2025
Effectiveness of a Multidisciplinary Limb Preservation Program in Reducing Regional Hospitalization Rates for Patients With Diabetes-Related Foot Complications.
Article in The international journal of lower extremity wounds, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk Factors for Foot-Related Hospitalisations in Adults With and Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2026Pooled it
- Barriers to Accessing Vascular Surgery in Northern, Rural, and Remote Canadian Communities.CJC open · 2026Review
- Benefits of Multi-Disciplinary Limb Preservation Teams.Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery · 2026Review
- Temporal machine learning framework for diabetic foot ulcer healing trajectory prediction.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Article
- A narrative review of imaging misallocation in peripheral artery disease: a value-based medicine perspective.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study evaluated the toe and flow model (TFM), a limb preservation program led by podiatric surgeons in Alberta, Canada, for its impact on hospitalization rates and length of stay (LOS) in patients with diabetic foot complication (DFC). Diabetes, a leading cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputations (LEAs) in Canada, often results in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), a major cause of infection, amputation, and hospitalization. TFM has reportedly reduced amputation rates by 39% to 56%.
methodsThe study analyzed Alberta's health database from 2007 to 2017, focusing on diabetes patients aged 20 and above. It included patients with various DFCs and compared outcomes in regions using TFM and standard of care (SOC). The study also examined data from two major cities, one with TFM and the other without, including rural referrals to Calgary and Edmonton. The data were normalized for the diabetic population and analyzed using a standard Student's
resultsTFM regions showed significantly lower hospitalization rates (
conclusionDespite similar demographics and healthcare systems, the TFM region benefited from a dedicated multidisciplinary program and comprehensive limb preservation services. The study shows that TFM effectively reduces hospitalizations and LOS for DFCs, with significantly better outcomes in the TFM region than in SOC regions.
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Registered trials
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