SynthesisMolecular psychiatry2024
Sex effects on DNA methylation affect discovery in epigenome-wide association study of schizophrenia.
Synthesis in Molecular psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Childhood internalising symptoms at ages 3 and 6: a meta-analysis of epigenome-wide associations from cord and peripheral blood.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Pooled it
- Schizophrenia is associated with altered DNA methylation variance.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Accelerated aging in schizophrenia: integrating epigenetic clocks, telomere dynamics, senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and oxidative stress.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Review
- Sex representation in trials relative to indication-specific disease burden in FDA-approved drugs (2015-2023).Nature communications · 2026Article
- DNA methylation signatures associated with bipolar disorder in peripheral blood improve prediction models.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Brain Cell Type-Specific Chromatin Accessibility in Schizophrenia.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- DNA methylation signatures associated with early-onset schizophrenia in Chinese patients.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Seasonal influences on DNA methylation at birth or at sampling time and their interaction with psychosis risk.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Article
- Beyond Binary Policy: Precision Medicine Requires Sex-Inclusive Research.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Women's health research funding in Canada across 15 years suggests low funding levels with a narrow focus.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Using LDpred2 to adapt polygenic risk score techniques for methylation score creation.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Leveraging research into sex differences and steroid hormones to improve brain health.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Impacts of Polyenvironmental Factors on DNA Methylation in Patients With Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2025Article
- The Promise of Epigenetic Editing for Treating Brain Disorders.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sex differences in the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of schizophrenia are well-known; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. Further, the potential advantages of sex-stratified meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of schizophrenia have not been investigated. Here, we performed sex-stratified EWAS meta-analyses to investigate whether sex stratification improves discovery, and to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in schizophrenia. Peripheral blood-derived DNA methylation data from 1519 cases of schizophrenia (male n = 989, female n = 530) and 1723 controls (male n = 997, female n = 726) from three publicly available datasets, and the TOP cohort were meta-analyzed to compare sex-specific, sex-stratified, and sex-adjusted EWAS. The predictive power of each model was assessed by polymethylation score (PMS). The number of schizophrenia-associated differentially methylated positions identified was higher for the sex-stratified model than for the sex-adjusted one. We identified 20 schizophrenia-associated DMRs in the sex-stratified analysis. PMS from sex-stratified analysis outperformed that from sex-adjusted analysis in predicting schizophrenia. Notably, PMSs from the sex-stratified and female-only analyses, but not those from sex-adjusted or the male-only analyses, significantly predicted schizophrenia in males. The findings suggest that sex-stratified EWAS meta-analyses improve the identification of schizophrenia-associated epigenetic changes and highlight an interaction between sex and schizophrenia status on DNA methylation. Sex-specific DNA methylation may have potential implications for precision psychiatry and the development of stratified treatments for schizophrenia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.