Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38502388›Full record

ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2024

Artificial Intelligence-Based Counting Algorithm Enables Accurate and Detailed Analysis of the Broad Spectrum of Spot Morphologies Observed in Antigen-Specific B-Cell ELISPOT and FluoroSpot Assays.

Alexey Y Karulin, Melinda Katona, Zoltán Megyesi, Greg A Kirchenbaum, Paul V Lehmann

Abstract read
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Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Extending ImmunoSpotVaccines · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Alexey Y KarulinCellular Technology Ltd., Shaker Heights, OH, USA. ayk@immunospot.com.
Melinda KatonaCellular Technology Ltd., Shaker Heights, OH, USA.
Zoltán MegyesiCellular Technology Ltd., Shaker Heights, OH, USA.
Greg A KirchenbaumCellular Technology Ltd., Shaker Heights, OH, USA.
Paul V LehmannCellular Technology Ltd., Shaker Heights, OH, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antigen-specific B-cell ELISPOT and multicolor FluoroSpot assays, in which the membrane-bound antigen itself serves as the capture reagent for the antibodies that B cells secrete, inherently result in a broad range of spot sizes and intensities. The diversity of secretory footprint morphologies reflects the polyclonal nature of the antigen-specific B cell repertoire, with individual antibody-secreting B cells in the test sample differing in their affinity for the antigen, fine epitope specificity, and activation/secretion kinetics. To account for these heterogeneous spot morphologies, and to eliminate the need for setting up subjective counting parameters well-by-well, CTL introduces here its cutting-edge deep learning-based IntelliCount

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceLeukocytes, MononuclearAlgorithmsAntigensB-LymphocytesEnzyme-Linked Immunospot AssayAntigensAffinityAI-based counting algorithmAntibodiesArtificial intelligenceB cellsDeep neural networkELISPOTFluoroSpotImmunoSpot®IntelliCountTMSpot morphology

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.