ReviewCNS drugs2024
An Evidence-Based Update on Anticholinergic Use for Drug-Induced Movement Disorders.
Review in CNS drugs, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Predicting the Efficacy of Valbenazine and Exacerbation of Tardive Dyskinesia After Valbenazine Discontinuation in Japanese Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of the J-KINECT Study.Journal of clinical psychopharmacologyTrial
- Translating Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics into Clinical Decision-Making: A Practical Guide to the Use of Risperidone ISMJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Anticholinergic Medication Use in Veterans Affairs Long-Term Care Residents: Clinical Patterns and Opportunities for Deprescribing.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- Adverse outcomes between VMAT2 and anticholinergics in tardive dyskinesia: A target trial emulation.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Clinical phenotypes and early treatment escalation in pediatric acute drug-induced dystonia: A tertiary emergency department cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Movement disorder emergencies at a tertiary-care center in West Bengal, India: Spectrum, etiologies, diagnostic implications.Next research · 2026Article
- Parkinson's disease: pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Identifying High-Risk Medications for Drug-Induced Dystonia: A 20-Year Retrospective Real-World Pharmacovigilance Study Based on FAERS.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Tetrabenazine-Responsive Choreo-Ballism and Akathisia After Cardioversion and Coronary Angiography: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Emerging Neurobiological and Therapeutic Insights into Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Efficacy of Clotiazepam for Respiratory Dyskinesia in a Patient With Parkinsonism: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Neurosyphilis and Parkinsonism: Overlapping Pathophysiology and Emerging Therapeutic Insights.Current neurovascular research · 2026Review
- Organosulfur Compounds: Potential Therapeutics for Parkinson's Disease.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Enriching Global Perspectives Through a Regional Lens: Recognition, Assessment, and Management of Tardive Dyskinesia in Southeast Asia.Journal of movement disorders · 2026Article
- Treatment of Parkinson's Disease-Related Psychosis.Clinical pharmacology : advances and applications · 2026Review
- Thermoregulatory Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: Mechanisms, Implications, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Cells · 2025Review
- Article
- Prescription Patterns of Antiseizure Medication in Adult Patients with Epilepsy in Kazakhstan (2021-2023).Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Observational
- Clinical Framework for Motor Rehabilitation in Parkinsonism: Integrating Individualized and Syndrome-Specific Approaches.Brain & NeuroRehabilitation · 2025Review
- VMAT2 inhibitors for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: a narrative review.CNS spectrums · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Drug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs) are associated with use of dopamine receptor blocking agents (DRBAs), including antipsychotics. The most common forms are drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP), dystonia, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia (TD). Although rare, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potentially life-threatening consequence of DRBA exposure. Recommendations for anticholinergic use in patients with DIMDs were developed on the basis of a roundtable discussion with healthcare professionals with extensive expertise in DIMD management, along with a comprehensive literature review. The roundtable agreed that "extrapyramidal symptoms" is a non-specific term that encompasses a range of abnormal movements. As such, it contributes to a misconception that all DIMDs can be treated in the same way, potentially leading to the misuse and overprescribing of anticholinergics. DIMDs are neurobiologically and clinically distinct, with different treatment paradigms and varying levels of evidence for anticholinergic use. Whereas evidence indicates anticholinergics can be effective for DIP and dystonia, they are not recommended for TD, akathisia, or NMS; nor are they supported for preventing DIMDs except in individuals at high risk for acute dystonia. Anticholinergics may induce serious peripheral adverse effects (e.g., urinary retention) and central effects (e.g., impaired cognition), all of which can be highly concerning especially in older adults. Appropriate use of anticholinergics therefore requires careful consideration of the evidence for efficacy (e.g., supportive for DIP but not TD) and the risks for serious adverse events. If used, anticholinergic medications should be prescribed at the lowest effective dose and for limited periods of time. When discontinued, they should be tapered gradually.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.