Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38501683›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2024

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Food Packaging: Migration, Toxicity, and Management Strategies.

Drake W Phelps, Lindsey V Parkinson, Justin M Boucher, Jane Muncke, Birgit Geueke

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science & technology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Dietary and social predictors of PFAS exposure in Hispanic children from Northern Virginia.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
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  6. Article
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  11. Article
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  14. The impact of particle size on PFAS concentrations in dust from homes in North Carolina and New York and implications for exposure.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Evidence for widespread human exposure to food contact chemicals.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Drake W PhelpsIndependent Consultant, Raleigh, North Carolina 27617, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8350-5626
Lindsey V ParkinsonFood Packaging Forum Foundation, 8045 Zürich, Switzerland.
Justin M BoucherFood Packaging Forum Foundation, 8045 Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-0517-7043
Jane MunckeFood Packaging Forum Foundation, 8045 Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-6942-0594
Birgit GeuekeFood Packaging Forum Foundation, 8045 Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-0749-3982

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PFASs are linked to serious health and environmental concerns. Among their widespread applications, PFASs are known to be used in food packaging and directly contribute to human exposure. However, information about PFASs in food packaging is scattered. Therefore, we systematically map the evidence on PFASs detected in migrates and extracts of food contact materials and provide an overview of available hazard and biomonitoring data. Based on the FCCmigex database, 68 PFASs have been identified in various food contact materials, including paper, plastic, and coated metal, by targeted and untargeted analyses. 87% of these PFASs belong to the perfluorocarboxylic acids and fluorotelomer-based compounds. Trends in chain length demonstrate that long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids continue to be found, despite years of global efforts to reduce the use of these substances. We utilized ToxPi to illustrate that hazard data are available for only 57% of the PFASs that have been detected in food packaging. For those PFASs for which toxicity testing has been performed, many adverse outcomes have been reported. The data and knowledge gaps presented here support international proposals to restrict PFASs as a group, including their use in food contact materials, to protect human and environmental health.

Indexed as

FluorocarbonsWater Pollutants, ChemicalFoodFood PackagingHumansFluorocarbonsWater Pollutants, Chemicalfood contact chemicalsfood packagingPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substancesPFAS

Identifiers

PMID38501683
PMCPMC10993423

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.