ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)
The power of representation: Statistical analysis of diversity in US Alzheimer's disease genetics data.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Matching heterogeneous cohorts by projected principal components reveals two novel Alzheimer's disease-associated genes in the Hispanic population.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Pooled it
- Polygenic Risk Scores for Incident Dementia in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Genetic epidemiology · 2026Article
- Centralized Review of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Biomedical Repositories and Computational Methods.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multiple-testing corrections in case-control studies using identity-by-descent segments.American journal of human genetics · 2026Article
- Computational whole-body-exposome models for global precision brain health.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Matching Heterogeneous Cohorts by Projected Principal Components Reveals Two Novel Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Genes in the Hispanic Population.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association studies of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders stratified by sex, onset age, and Apolipoprotein E genotype reveal novel risk loci in African Americans.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- Multiple-testing corrections in case-control studies using identity-by-descent segments.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Opportunities and challenges of local ancestry in genetic association analyses.American journal of human genetics · 2025Review
- Integrating genetic and immune profiles for personalized immunotherapy in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- The power of representation: Statistical analysis of diversity in US Alzheimer's disease genetics data.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Article
- Researcher photographs in recruitment materials to increase willingness to participate in brain health research.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disease influenced by genetics and environment. More than 75 susceptibility loci have been linked to late-onset AD, but most of these loci were discovered in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) exclusive to non-Hispanic White individuals. There are wide disparities in AD risk across racially stratified groups, and while these disparities are not due to genetic differences, underrepresentation in genetic research can further exacerbate and contribute to their persistence. We investigated the racial/ethnic representation of participants in United States (US)-based AD genetics and the statistical implications of current representation.
methodsWe compared racial/ethnic data of participants from array and sequencing studies in US AD genetics databases, including National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS) and NIAGADS Data Sharing Service (dssNIAGADS), to AD and related dementia (ADRD) prevalence and mortality. We then simulated the statistical power of these datasets to identify risk variants from non-White populations.
resultsThere is insufficient statistical power (probability <80%) to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with low to moderate effect sizes (odds ratio [OR]<1.5) using array data from Black and Hispanic participants; studies of Asian participants are not powered to detect variants OR <= 2. Using available and projected sequencing data from Black and Hispanic participants, risk variants with OR = 1.2 are detectable at high allele frequencies. Sample sizes remain insufficiently powered to detect these variants in Asian populations. DISCUSSION: AD genetics datasets are largely representative of US ADRD burden. However, there is a wide discrepancy between proportional representation and statistically meaningful representation. Most variation identified in GWAS of non-Hispanic White individuals have low to moderate effects. Comparable risk variants in non-White populations are not detectable given current sample sizes, which could lead to disparities in future studies and drug development. We urge AD genetics researchers and institutions to continue investing in recruiting diverse participants and use community-based participatory research practices.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.