ArticleBrain and behavior2024
Identifying and verifying Huntington's disease subtypes: Clinical features, neuroimaging, and cytokine changes.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surface-based morphometry reveals divergent aging trajectories in veterans with and without traumatic brain injury.GeroScience · 2026Article
- The pathological Huntingtin CAG triplet expansion differentially affects the diagnosis of systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- 3D-AI mouse behavior analysis system has the capability to detect abnormalities in R6/1 model mice with Huntington's disease during the pre-symptomatic phase.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Diffusion along Perivascular Spaces as a Marker for Glymphatic System Impairment in Huntington's Disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Systemic Neuroprotection by Chlorogenic Acid: Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Evaluation in Early Neurodegeneration Induced by 3-Nitropropionic Acid in Mice.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- Advances in Huntington's Disease Biomarkers: A 10-Year Bibliometric Analysis and a Comprehensive Review.Biology · 2025Review
- Exploring molecular mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and clinical manifestations of Huntington's disease.Archives of pharmacal research · 2024Review
- Identifying and verifying Huntington's disease subtypes: Clinical features, neuroimaging, and cytokine changes.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- White Matter Microstructure Changes Revealed by Diffusion Kurtosis and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Mutant Huntingtin Gene Carriers.Journal of Huntington's disease · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsHuntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Identifying distinct clinical clusters and their relevant biomarkers could elucidate the underlying disease pathophysiology.
methodsFollowing the Enroll-HD program initiated in 2018.09, we have recruited 104 HD patients (including 21 premanifest) and 31 health controls at Beijing Tiantan Hospital. Principal components analysis and k-means cluster analysis were performed to determine HD clusters. Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and covariance were used to identify features among these clusters. Furthermore, plasma cytokines levels and brain structural imaging were used as biomarkers to delineate the clinical features of each cluster.
resultsThree clusters were identified. Cluster 1 demonstrated the most severe motor and nonmotor symptoms except for chorea, the lowest whole brain volume, the plasma levels of IL-2 were higher and significantly associated with cluster 1. Cluster 2 was characterized with the most severe chorea and the largest pallidum volume. Cluster 3 had the most benign motor symptoms but moderate psychiatric problems.
conclusionWe have identified three HD clusters via clinical manifestations with distinct biomarkers. Our data shed light on better understanding about the pathophysiology of HD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.