Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38490923›Full record

ArticleUrologic oncology2024

Contemporary risk of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy in the active surveillance era.

Sanjay Das, Michael Luu, Martha Terris, Zachary Klaassen, Christopher J Kane, Christopher Amling, Matthew Cooperberg, Lourdes Guerrios Rivera, William Aronson, Stephen J Freedland and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Urologic oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. [European urology · 2026
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Sanjay DasDurham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Department of Surgery, Durham, NC; Department of Urology, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles.
Michael LuuDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
Martha TerrisDivision of Urology, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA; Department of Urology, Augusta University-Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA.
Zachary KlaassenDivision of Urology, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA; Department of Urology, Augusta University-Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA.
Christopher J KaneDepartment of Urology, University of California, San Diego, CA.
Christopher AmlingDepartment of Urology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR.
Matthew CooperbergDepartment of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Section of Urology, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA.
Lourdes Guerrios RiveraVA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR; Department of Surgery, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR.
William AronsonDepartment of Urology, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs, Los Angeles, CA.
Stephen J FreedlandDurham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Department of Surgery, Durham, NC; Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
Timothy J DaskivichDepartment of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address: Timothy.Daskivich@cshs.org.
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center · USAugusta University · USOregon Health & Science University · USSan Francisco VA Medical Center · USUniversity of California San Diego · USUniversity of Puerto Rico System · PRWest Los Angeles College · US

Funding

Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Training in Urologic and Gynecologic Cancers (PCORT UroGynCan)T32CA251072 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Beth Y. Karlan, MARK S. LITWIN · 2020 to 2026
$2.1M
NCI NIH HHS T32 CA251072
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo assess whether contemporary risks of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) in the AS era differ from historical estimates due to changes in tumor risk case mix and improvements in risk stratification. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe sampled 6,682 men who underwent RP for clinically localized disease between 2000 and 2017 from the VA SEARCH database. Kaplan Meier analysis was used to calculate incidence of BCR before and after 2010 overall and within tumor risk subgroups. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis including an interaction term between era and tumor risk was used to compare risk of BCR before and after 2010 overall and across tumor risk subgroups.

resultsAbout 3,492 (52%) and 3,190 (48%) men underwent RP before and after 2010, respectively. In a limited multivariable model excluding tumor risk, overall BCR risk was higher post-2010 vs. pre-2010 (HR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.05-1.25; 40% vs 36% at 8 years post-RP). However, this effect was eliminated after correcting for tumor risk (HR: 0.95, 95%CI: 0.87-1.04), suggesting that differences in tumor risk between eras mediated the change. Yet, within tumor-risk subgroups, BCR risk was significantly lower for favorable intermediate-risk (HR: 0.76, 95%CI:0.60-0.96) and unfavorable intermediate-risk PC (HR: 0.78, 95%CI: 0.67-0.90), but significantly higher for high-risk PC (HR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.07-1.38) in the post-2010 era. 8-year risks of BCR in the post-2010 era were 21% (95%CI: 16%-25%), 25% (95%CI: 20%-30%), 41% (95%CI: 37%-46%), and 60% (95%CI: 56%-64%) for low-, FIR-, UIR-, and high-risk disease, respectively. Limitations include limited long-term follow-up in the post-2010 subgroup.

conclusionsOverall BCR risk has increased in the AS era, driven by a higher risk case mix and increased BCR risk among high-risk patients. Physicians should quote contemporary estimates of BCR when counseling patients.

Indexed as

Neoplasm Recurrence, LocalProstatectomyProstatic NeoplasmsAgedHumansMaleMiddle AgedProstate-Specific AntigenRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsWatchful WaitingProstate-Specific Antigen“Active surveillance”“Biochemical recurrence”“Prostate cancer”“Radical prostatectomy”

Identifiers

PMID38490923
PMCPMC11370885
OpenAlexW4392859686

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.