ArticleScience advances2024
Brain hypothyroidism silences the immune response of microglia in Alzheimer's disease animal model.
Article in Science advances, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiscale characterization and distribution of the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 in the adult and aged human brain.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Targeting the crosstalk between Alzheimer's disease and gastrointestinal cancers.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Emerging Roles, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential of Thyroid Hormones in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Natural product-based interventions for thyroid disorders: mechanisms and applications.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Cell type transcriptomic modules reveal shared molecular mechanisms in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.GigaScience · 2026Article
- Magnesium L-Threonate Reduces Hippocampal Amyloid-β Load without Cognitive Improvement in a PTU-induced Hypothyroidism Model in Young Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Neurological consequences of adult-onset hypothyroidism.Endocrine journal · 2025Review
- Microglia sensing of peripheral signals that bridge the brain and body.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- The impact of autoimmune thyroid disease on cognitive and psychiatric disorders: focus on clinical, pre-clinical and molecular studies.European thyroid journal · 2025Review
- Decoding microglial immunometabolism: a new frontier in Alzheimer's disease research.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- 25-Hydroxycholesterol modulates microglial function and exacerbates Alzheimer's disease pathology: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential of cholesterol esterification inhibition.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Summary of the Year in Review Lectures at the 2024 Annual Meeting of the American Thyroid Association.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2025Article
- High-dimensional co-expression network analysis reveals persistent TRH gene expression throughout axolotl telencephalon regeneration.Frontiers in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- The role of thyroid hormones in Alzheimer's disease: Associations with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and diagnostic performance.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reportsArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) imbalance is linked to the pathophysiology of reversible dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is unclear whether tissue hypothyroidism occurs in the AD brain and how it affects on AD pathology. We find that decreased iodothyronine deiodinase 2 is correlated with hippocampal hypothyroidism in early AD model mice before TH alterations in the blood. TH deficiency leads to spontaneous activation of microglia in wild-type mice under nonstimulated conditions, resulting in lowered innate immune responses of microglia in response to inflammatory stimuli or amyloid-β. In AD model mice, TH deficiency aggravates AD pathology by reducing the disease-associated microglia population and microglial phagocytosis. We find that TH deficiency reduces microglial ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) and inhibition of CD73 leads to impaired innate immune responses in microglia. Our findings reveal that TH shapes microglial responses to inflammatory stimuli including amyloid-β, and brain hypothyroidism in early AD model mice aggravates AD pathology by microglial dysfunction.
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