Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38487981›Full record

ArticleProteomics2024

Spectral averaging with outlier rejection algorithms to increase identifications in top-down proteomics.

Austin V Carr, Nicholas E Bollis, John G Pavek, Michael R Shortreed, Lloyd M Smith

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proteomics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. A Fast Neural Network for Isotopic Charge State Assignment.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025
    Article
  3. Intact Mass Proteomics Using a Proteoform Atlas.Journal of proteome research · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Austin V CarrDepartment of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6595-3476
Nicholas E BollisDepartment of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2427-5717
John G PavekDepartment of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-6435-1486
Michael R ShortreedDepartment of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6339-9141
Lloyd M SmithDepartment of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6652-8639

Funding

Biotechnology Training ProgramT32GM135066 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI SCOTT M. COYLE, BRIAN G FOX · 2020 to 2026
$7.0M
Revealing Proteoforms: The Primary Effectors of Biological FunctionR35GM126914 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Lloyd M Smith · 2018 to 2026
$6.2M
Sequence-specific Hybridization Capture to Reveal the lncRNA Interactome in Prostate CancerR01CA193481 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI DAVID F. JARRARD, Lloyd M Smith · 2015 to 2026
$3.4M
New Tools to Decipher the Role of lncRNAs and Their Protein Interactomes in HematopoiesisR01HL149966 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI BRESNICK, EMERY H, SMITH, LLOYD M · 2020 to 2023
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA193481NCI NIH HHS R01CA193481NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL149966NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL149966NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM126914NIGMS NIH HHS R35GM126914NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM135066NIGMS NIH HHS T32GM135066
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The identification of proteoforms by top-down proteomics requires both high quality fragmentation spectra and the neutral mass of the proteoform from which the fragments derive. Intact proteoform spectra can be highly complex and may include multiple overlapping proteoforms, as well as many isotopic peaks and charge states. The resulting lower signal-to-noise ratios for intact proteins complicates downstream analyses such as deconvolution. Averaging multiple scans is a common way to improve signal-to-noise, but mass spectrometry data contains artifacts unique to it that can degrade the quality of an averaged spectra. To overcome these limitations and increase signal-to-noise, we have implemented outlier rejection algorithms to remove outlier measurements efficiently and robustly in a set of MS1 scans prior to averaging. We have implemented averaging with rejection algorithms in the open-source, freely available, proteomics search engine MetaMorpheus. Herein, we report the application of the averaging with rejection algorithms to direct injection and online liquid chromatography mass spectrometry data. Averaging with rejection algorithms demonstrated a 45% increase in the number of proteoforms detected in Jurkat T cell lysate. We show that the increase is due to improved spectral quality, particularly in regions surrounding isotopic envelopes.

Indexed as

ProteomeProteomicsAlgorithmsMass SpectrometryProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalProteomeaveragingoutlier rejectionproteoformproteomicstop‐down

Identifiers

PMID38487981
PMCPMC11216233

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.