Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38485950›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Compact terahertz harmonic generation in the Reststrahlenband using a graphene-embedded metallic split ring resonator array.

Alessandra Di Gaspare, Chao Song, Chiara Schiattarella, Lianhe H Li, Mohammed Salih, A Giles Davies, Edmund H Linfield, Jincan Zhang, Osman Balci, Andrea C Ferrari and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Terahertz frequency electronics and photonics: materials and devices.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Alessandra Di GaspareNEST, CNR-NANO and Scuola Normale Superiore, 56127, Pisa, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-8575
Chao SongLaboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Chiara SchiattarellaNEST, CNR-NANO and Scuola Normale Superiore, 56127, Pisa, Italy.
Lianhe H LiSchool of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4998-7259
Mohammed SalihSchool of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
A Giles DaviesSchool of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1987-4846
Edmund H LinfieldSchool of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6912-0535
Jincan ZhangCambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7131-4491
Osman BalciCambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2766-2197
Andrea C FerrariCambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-9993
Sukhdeep DhillonLaboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Miriam S VitielloNEST, CNR-NANO and Scuola Normale Superiore, 56127, Pisa, Italy. miriam.vitiello@sns.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4914-0421

Funding

European Commission (EC) 944735
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Harmonic generation is a result of a strong non-linear interaction between light and matter. It is a key technology for optics, as it allows the conversion of optical signals to higher frequencies. Owing to its intrinsically large and electrically tunable non-linear optical response, graphene has been used for high harmonic generation but, until now, only at frequencies < 2 THz, and with high-power ultrafast table-top lasers or accelerator-based structures. Here, we demonstrate third harmonic generation at 9.63 THz by optically pumping single-layer graphene, coupled to a circular split ring resonator (CSRR) array, with a 3.21 THz frequency quantum cascade laser (QCL). Combined with the high graphene nonlinearity, the mode confinement provided by the optically-pumped CSRR enhances the pump power density as well as that at the third harmonic, permitting harmonic generation. This approach enables potential access to a frequency range (6-12 THz) where compact sources remain difficult to obtain, owing to the Reststrahlenband of typical III-V semiconductors.

Identifiers

PMID38485950
PMCPMC10940712

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.