ArticlePloS one2024
The spread of pESI-mediated extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in Salmonella serovars-Infantis, Senftenberg, and Alachua isolated from food animal sources in the United States.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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18 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mobile genetic elements-driven partitions of mega-plasmids resistome inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization of pESI-like megaplasmids inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Evolutionary dynamics of the multidrug-resistantMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- Trends in a Persistent Strain of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Infantis (REPJFX01) in Humans and Chickens - United States, 2010-2023.Journal of food protection · 2026Article
- Genomic characterization of antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Phenotypic Expression ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Serotype distribution, genotype, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella enterica isolated from retail chicken meat in South Korea.Food science of animal resources · 2026Article
- A new Epseptimavirus bacteriophage vB_SalS-SIY1lw as a potential antimicrobial alternative to multidrug-resistant Salmonella Infantis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pangenome dynamics and population structure of the zoonotic pathogen Salmonella enterica serotype Hadar.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A case study of critical points for the entry and spread of Salmonella Infantis in a broiler farm.Irish veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Persistence of non-typhoidalFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoidalFrontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance ofInfectious diseases (London, England) · 2026Article
- Molecular epidemiology of pESI-carryingEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Article
- Clonal spread of blaScientific reports · 2025Article
- Broiler litter moisture and trace metals contribute to the persistence ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Emergence and Clonal Spread of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The goal of this study is to investigate the origin, prevalence, and evolution of the pESI megaplasmid in Salmonella isolated from animals, foods, and humans. We queried 510,097 Salmonella genomes under the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Pathogen Detection (PD) database for the presence of potential sequences containing the pESI plasmid in animal, food, and environmental sources. The presence of the pESI megaplasmid was confirmed by using seven plasmid-specific markers (rdA, pilL, SogS, TrbA, ipf, ipr2 and IncFIB(pN55391)). The plasmid and chromosome phylogeny of these isolates was inferred from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our search resolved six Salmonella clusters carrying the pESI plasmid. Four were emergent Salmonella Infantis clusters, and one each belonged to serovar Senftenberg and Alachua. The Infantis cluster with a pESI plasmid carrying blaCTX-M-65 gene was the biggest of the four emergent Infantis clusters, with over 10,000 isolates. This cluster was first detected in South America and has since spread widely in United States. Over time the composition of pESI in United States has changed with the average number of resistance genes showing a decrease from 9 in 2014 to 5 in 2022, resulting from changes in gene content in two integrons present in the plasmid. A recent and emerging cluster of Senftenberg, which carries the blaCTX-M-65 gene and is primarily associated with turkey sources, was the second largest in the United States. SNP analysis showed that this cluster likely originated in North Carolina with the recent acquisition of the pESI plasmid. A single Alachua isolate from turkey was also found to carry the pESI plasmid containing blaCTX-M-65 gene. The study of the pESI plasmid, its evolution and mechanism of spread can help us in developing appropriate strategies for the prevention and further spread of this multi-drug resistant plasmid in Salmonella in poultry and humans.
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