ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia2024
The availability of essential medicines in primary health centres in Indonesia: achievements and challenges across the archipelago.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Where Are the Gaps in Diabetes Care? An Evidence Gap Mapping of the Diabetes Patient Journey in Indonesia.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Pooled it
- Socioeconomic inequalities in disability among older adults in urban and rural Indonesia: a population-based study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Achieving universal health coverage with disability inclusion: a household survey analyzing healthcare access and national health insurance utilization for individuals with disabilities in Indonesia.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- A National Survey of Adherence to Glucose-Lowering Medication Among Adults With Diabetes in Indonesia.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- Local systems, local solutions: which factors drive essential medicine availability in public health facilities across Indonesia?BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Factors associated with medication adherence among hypertensive patients in Namibia.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- Determinants of Medication Non-Adherence in 1,750 Indonesian Adults with Chronic Diseases: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Article
- Determinants, Models, performances, and strategies of supply chain to address medicine stockouts in primary health care: a scoping review.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026Review
- Access to pediatric medicines in Albania: A qualitative study of family doctors' perceptions.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Indonesian National Health Insurance scheme longitudinal sample data 2015-2020: overview and potential uses for health policy analysis.BMC health services research · 2025Article
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- Primary health care performance measurement at the service delivery level in Indonesia: a scoping review.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Exploring the Multilevel Determinants of Suboptimal Maternal and Child Continuum of Care in Indonesia.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- Chromoblastomycosis: a case series from Sumba, eastern Indonesia.Clinical and experimental dermatology · 2025Article
- South-East Asia regional neglected tropical disease framework: improving control of mycetoma, chromoblastomycosis, and sporotrichosis.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Review
- Managing medicines in decentralization: discrepancies between national policies and local practices in primary healthcare settings in Indonesia.Health policy and planning · 2025Article
- The availability of essential medicines in public healthcare facilities in Afghanistan: navigating sociopolitical and geographical challenges.Health policy and planning · 2025Article
- Unlocking health equity by eliminating copayments for essential antihypertensive medications.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Review
- Making intersectoral stakeholder engagement in medicine quality research work: lessons from the STARmeds study in Indonesia.Health research policy and systems · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Indonesia is making significant strides toward achieving universal health coverage, which involves providing free access to essential medicines. This study examines the availability of essential medicine in primary health centres (PHCs) across Indonesia, the reasons why medicines are unavailable, and the extent to which communities have access to alternative dispensing points. Methods: Enumerators visited each of the 9831 PHCs in all 514 districts to assess the availability of 60 essential medicines and identify reasons for any absent medicines. We correlated the results with the national village census to assess the relationship between availability, poverty, and access to alternative dispensing points. Findings: Medicine availability varied greatly. The median availability for 17 priority medicines was 82%, while 58% of the broader selection of 60 essential medicines was present. The availability of maternal and childcare medicines was highest (73%) and lowest for mental health (42%). The main reasons for absence were that medicines were deemed unnecessary (46%) or not supplied (38%). The Java/Bali region had the highest medicines availability, and rural areas in Eastern Indonesia had the lowest. In these districts, the population is financially struggling, most dependent on free medicines from public providers, and had the least access to alternative dispensing points. Interpretation: The availability of priority medicines in PHCs is relatively high, while public-paid prices are low by international standards. To improve availability of all essential medicines, the government should prioritize areas with the highest need, increase funding for PHCs in remote areas, and implement transparent monitoring of medicines availability. Funding: Indonesian Government.
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