ArticleEnvironmental advances2022
Review of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) bioaccumulation in earthworms.
Article in Environmental advances, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): persistence, toxicity, and emerging solutions.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2026Review
- PFAS compounds PFOA and Gen X are teratogenic to sea urchin embryos.Developmental biology · 2025Article
- Biomagnification and potential health effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a terrestrial food web.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Emerging contaminants: A One Health perspective.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used across the globe in commercial products such textiles, firefighting foams, and surface coatings. Some PFAS, such as perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), are known to be bioaccumulative. Numerous terrestrial ecosystems including sites near PFAS manufacturing facilities, facilities using PFAS in their manufacturing processes, firefighting training areas, landfills, and agricultural fields treated with some pesticide formulations, have been contaminated with PFAS. Earthworms reside at the base of the terrestrial food chain and to perform risk assessments at terrestrial sites contaminated with PFAS, information on the bioaccumulation of PFAS is needed. To understand the bioaccumulation of PFAS by earthworms, a literature search was performed, and biota-soil accumulation factors (BSAFs), measured in laboratory tests and at field sites contaminated with PFAS, were assembled and evaluated in this review. Based on this review, we conclude that there is enough data available for carboxylic and sulfonic acid PFAS classes to derive useful BSAFs for terrestrial risk assessments. Laboratory tests with PFOS and PFOA will be close to or at steady-state conditions with standardized testing protocols, and for the longer chain carboxylic and sulfonic acids, it is unlikely they will reach steady-state with the completion of the uptake exposure. For PFAS classes beyond the carboxylic and sulfonic acids, data are limited and performing terrestrial risk assessments with these PFAS will be difficult. Lastly, additional measurements are needed for non-acid PFAS classes as well as from field settings for all PFAS classes. Across all studies, PFOS and PFOA had average (standard deviation, count) BSAFs (kg-OC/kg-ww) of 0.167 (0.311, 60) and 0.0413 (0.175, 47), respectively.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.