ArticleMicrobiome2024
Mapping the widespread distribution and transmission dynamics of linezolid resistance in humans, animals, and the environment.
Article in Microbiome, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anaerobic bacteria: a neglected reservoir of mobile oxazolidinone resistance genes.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- The emergence and biological characteristics of linezolid-resistantEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Effects of florfenicol on linezolid resistance in Enterococcus faecium from waterfowl farms.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella spp. from urban aquatic environments: a multi-country genomic perspective.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Commensal and Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Wild Boar Carcasses in Campania Region, Southern Italy.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Phenotypic and genomic characterization of linezolid non-susceptibility in poultry-derived multidrug-resistantFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Global distribution and genomic characteristics of linezolid resistance gene-positiveFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Identification of the Phenicol Efflux GeneInternational journal of microbiology · 2026Article
- Genomic insights into the global dissemination of linezolid resistance genes inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and genetic characterization of Gram-positive bacteria carrying linezolid resistance genes in vegetables.Environmental microbiome · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Chicken Meat: ComparingMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Genomic characterization of antimicrobial resistance and mobile genetic elements in swine gut bacteria isolated from a Canadian research farm.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Resistance to last-resort antibiotics in enterococci.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Selection and maintenance of mobile linezolid-resistance genes and plasmids carrying them in the presence of florfenicol, an animal-specific antimicrobial.Access microbiology · 2025Article
- Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci: Current Understandings of Resistance in Relation to Transmission and Preventive Strategies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Risk Factor Analysis for Occurrence of Linezolid-Resistant Bacteria in the Digestive and Respiratory Tract of Food-Producing Animals in Belgium: A Pilot Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence and genetic diversity ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- High prevalence and plasmidome diversity ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Occurrence of Florfenicol and Linezolid Resistance and Emergence ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe rise of linezolid resistance has been widely observed both in clinical and non-clinical settings. However, there were still data gaps regarding the comprehensive prevalence and interconnections of linezolid resistance genes across various niches.
resultsWe screened for potential linezolid resistance gene reservoirs in the intestines of both humans and animals, in meat samples, as well as in water sources. A total of 796 bacteria strains out of 1538 non-duplicated samples were identified to be positive for at least one linezolid resistance gene, optrA, poxtA, cfr, and cfr(D). The prevalence of optrA reached 100% (95% CI 96.3-100%) in the intestines of pigs, followed by fish, ducks, and chicken at 77.5% (95% CI 67.2-85.3%), 62.0% (95% CI 52.2-70.9%), and 61.0% (95% CI 51.2-70.0%), respectively. The meat and water samples presented prevalences of 80.0% (95% CI 70.6-87.0%) and 38.0% (95% CI 25.9-51.9%), respectively. The unreported prevalence of the cfr(D) gene was also relatively higher at 13.0% (95% CI 7.8-21.0%) and 19.0% (95% CI 10.9-25.6%) for the feces samples of ducks and pigs, respectively. Enterococci were the predominant hosts for all genes, while several non-enterococcal species were also identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a significant genetic distance among linezolid resistance gene reservoirs, with polyclonal structures observed in strains within the same niche. Similar genetic arrays harboring assorted insertion sequences or transposons were shared by reservoirs displaying heterogeneous backgrounds, though large diversity in the genetic environment of linezolid resistance genes was also observed.
conclusionsThe linezolid resistance genes were widespread among various niches. The horizontal transfer played a crucial role in driving the circulation of linezolid resistance reservoirs at the human-animal-environment interfaces. Video Abstract.
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