ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2024
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and Diet Quality Trajectory Interact to Determine Frailty Incidence among Middle-Aged Urban Adults.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenetic aging markers in the association between frailty and mortality among U.S. adults.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Associations Between Growth Differentiating Factor-15 and Frailty in Older Adults From the MAPT Study.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Article
- Association of DNA methylation-predicted GDF15 and frailty in older adults based on NHANES 1999-2002.Medicine · 2025Article
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9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundElevated plasma growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and poor diet quality may be associated with increased frailty incidence, although their interactive associations have not been assessed in urban middle-aged adults.
objectivesWe aimed to examine GDF15 and its interactive association with diet quality in relation to frailty incidence among a sample of middle-aged urban adults.
methodsThe relationship between GDF15 and diet quality trajectories in relation to incident frailty was examined in a longitudinal study of participants in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (2004-2017). Serum GDF15 concentration and frailty incidence were primary exposure and outcome, respectively. Group-based trajectory models were used to assess diet quality trajectories (≤3 visits/participant, N = 945, N' = 2247 observations) using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 version (HEI-2010), Dietary Inflammatory Index, and mean adequacy ratio (MAR). Cox proportional hazards models were used, testing interactive associations of GDF15 and diet quality trajectories with frail/prefrail incidence (N = 400 frailty-free at first visit, N' = 604 observations, n = 168 incident frail/prefrail).
resultsBoth elevated GDF15 and lower diet quality trajectories were associated with a lower probability of remaining nonfrail (≤13 y follow-up). Among females, the "high diet quality" HEI-2010 trajectory had a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.15 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04, 0.54; P = 0.004; fully adjusted model] when compared with the "low diet quality" trajectory group. Among males only, there was an antagonistic interaction between lower HEI-2010 trajectory and elevated GDF15. Specifically, the HR for GDF15-frailty in the higher diet quality trajectory group (high/medium combined), and among males, was 2.69 (95% CI: 1.06, 6.62; P = 0.032), whereas among the lower diet quality trajectory group, the HR was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.49, 1.80; P = 0.86). Elevated GDF15 was independently associated with frailty among African American adults.
conclusionsPending replication, we found an antagonistic interaction between GDF15 and HEI-2010 trajectory in relation to frailty incidence among males.
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