Observational studyDiabetes & metabolism journal2024
Glycemic Control and Retinal Microvascular Changes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients without Clinical Retinopathy.
Observational study in Diabetes & metabolism journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Periodontal Inflammatory Burden and Multi-Organ Microvascular Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Intermittent Fasting and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy: Retrospective Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Quantitative evaluation of the topographical maps of three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index in gestational diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional observational study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Observational
- Serum Albumin as a Marker of Microvascular Burden in Diabetic Retinopathy: Mediation by Diabetic Nephropathy in Uncontrolled Diabetes.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and determinants of comorbidities among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nepal: a cross-sectional study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Postprandial C-Peptide to Glucose Ratio as a Promising Systemic Marker of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Flow and ischemic changes in retina and choroid across diabetic retinopathy spectrum: a SS-OCTA study.Eye (London, England) · 2025Observational
- The Correlation Between Macular Vessel Density and Its Clinical Parameters in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Changes in retinal capillary density in female with type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes-an analysis based on OCTA technology.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgruoundTo investigate the association of glycemic control and retinal microvascular changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without diabetic retinopathy (DR).
methodsThis retrospective, observational, cohort study included patients with T2DM without DR. The patients were categorized into intensive control (IC; mean glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≤7.0%) and moderate control (MC; mean HbA1c >7.0%) groups. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and swept-source OCT angiography (OCTA) image parameters were compared between three groups, including healthy controls.
resultsIn total, 259 eyes of 259 participants (88 IC, 81 MC, and 90 controls) were included. The foveal avascular zone area was significantly larger in the MC group than IC and control groups (all P<0.05). The IC group had lower vessel density in the superficial retinal layer and deep retinal layer than the controls (all P<0.05). The choriocapillaris (CC) flow deficit (FD) was significantly greater in the MC group than in the IC and control groups (18.2%, 16.7%, and 14.2%, respectively; all P<0.01). In multivariate regression analysis, CC-FD was associated with the mean HbA1c level (P=0.008). There were no significant differences in OCT parameters among the groups.
conclusionOCTA revealed that early CC impairment is associated with HbA1c levels; the CC changes precede clinically apparent DR. The OCTA parameters differed among the groups according to the degree of glycemic control. Our results suggest that microvascular changes precede DR and are closely related to glycemic control.
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