ReviewHistology and histopathology2024
Biological action of bleaching agents on tooth structure: A review.
Review in Histology and histopathology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Protective role of calcium-based agents in dental bleaching gels: insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and laboratory evidence.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Pooled it
- One-Year Color Stability of a Reduced 37.5% Hydrogen Peroxide In-Office Bleaching Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and safety of low-concentration whitestrips for extrinsic tooth discoloration: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Trial
- Bleaching with biocatalysts and violet LED: a randomized clinical trial using a hybrid design with parallel-group and split-mouth approaches : Violet LED and biocatalysts in in-office whitening: a split-mouth trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Trial
- Evaluation of tooth sensitivity and whitening effects of tooth whitening agents containing calcium, hydroxyapatite and fluoride.Odontology · 2026Article
- In situ evaluation of the bleaching efficacy of experimental hydrogen peroxide hydrogel with MnO-doped Biosilicate activated by violet LED light.European journal of oral sciences · 2026Article
- Influence of commercial mouth rinses with different formulations on enamel properties during at-home bleaching.Odontology · 2026Article
- Effects of phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid (PAP+) associated or not with LED irradiation as a bleaching agent: an in vitro study.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Effect of diode laser and various chemical pretreatments on immediate shear bond strength to bleached enamel: AnJournal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2026Article
- The effects of hydrogen peroxide on the proliferation ability and odontogenic differentiation ability of hDPCs.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Phthalimidoperoxycaproic Acid (PAP) Versus Peroxides and Impact on Dental Enamel After Whitening Treatment: An In Vitro Study.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on plasma arc-activated tooth bleaching: An in vitro study.Journal of dental sciences · 2026Article
- Reactivation capacity of TiO2 nanoparticles for dental bleaching: an in vitro study.Brazilian dental journal · 2026Article
- Influence of enamel and dentin thickness on SpO2 readings by pulse oximeter in bleached teeth.Brazilian dental journal · 2026Article
- Hyaluronic Acid-Based Bleaching Gels With NF_TiOJournal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- In Vitro Evaluation of Chemical and Microhardness Alterations in Human Enamel Induced by Three Commercial In-Office Bleaching Agents.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- Prevention of Tooth Discoloration Using Fluoride Varnish Immediately After Bleaching.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Article
- Effects of different energy levels of Er: YAG laser-assisted bleaching on teeth bleaching efficacy and immediate resin bonding: a study on safety and clinical applicability.Lasers in medical science · 2025Article
- Translucency and contrast ratio of dimetharcyrlate resin based dental materials after bleaching: an in-vitro study.BMC oral health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The use of bleaching agents to remove stains is one of the main dental procedures to improve the aesthetics of teeth. This review presents the main agents used for tooth whitening, existing clinical protocols, and the structural changes that may occur through their use. The main bleaching agents consist of hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide, which are used in bleaching techniques for vital teeth. These techniques can be performed in the office by a professional or by the individual in a home en-vironment under professional guidance. Bleaching agents come in a variety of concentrations and there are over-the-counter products available on the market with lower concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Due to the chemical characteristics of the agents, changes in the organic and inorganic content of the tooth structure can be observed. These changes are related to morphological changes characterized by in-creased permeability and surface roughness, such changes compromise the mechanical resistance of the tooth. Furthermore, bleaching agents can promote molecular changes after reaching the dental pulp, resulting in oxidative stress of pulp cells and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Despite the bleaching effectiveness, tooth sensitivity is considered the main side effect of use. Therefore, among the heterogeneity of protocols, those that used the bleaching agent for a prolonged time and in lower con-centrations presented more harmful effects on the tooth structure.
Indexed as
Identifiers
38477344What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.