ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2024
In-hospital mortality during the wild-type, alpha, delta, and omicron SARS-CoV-2 waves: a multinational cohort study in the EuCARE project.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Trial
- Increased In-Hospital Mortality in Immunocompromised Individuals Hospitalized With COVID-19 During the Global Pandemic: A Multinational Cohort Study in the EuCARE Project.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and viral burden on outcomes in acute decompensated heart failure.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Characteristics, all-cause healthcare resource utilisation, and costs among high-risk adults with long COVID during Omicron predominance, 2022-2023: a retrospective cohort study using UK primary care data.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Postpandemic Change in Demographic and Clinical Features of Patients With Omicron Who Were Hospitalized: Territory-Wide Retrospective Repeated Cross-Sectional Study in Hong Kong.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in patients with lung cancer: challenges in the Omicron era.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Time to antiviral treatment in mild-moderate COVID-19 in the emergency department: influence of prescribing physician and effect on outcomes.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- ClinIAN: Clinically Informed Attention Network.Bioinformatics advances · 2026Article
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 subvariants on postoperative outcomes in geriatric hip fracture patients - a multinational multicentre study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 infection induces post-acute lung fibrosis in BALB/c mice.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Two-Year Follow-Up of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Professionals.Vaccines · 2025Article
- COVID-19-Related Healthcare Resource Utilisation and Costs in Paediatric Patients in Germany: A Population-Based Study.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Variation in clinical presentation, complications and outcomes for Māori and Pacific peoples among hospitalised adults with COVID-19 in 2022, Aotearoa New Zealand.Internal medicine journal · 2025Article
- Persistent-relapsing SARS-CoV-2 infection following rituximab treatment for autoimmune rheumatic diseases: diagnosis and outcomes.RMD open · 2025Article
- Mouse Adapted Omicron BA.5 Induces A Fibrotic Lung Disease Phenotype in BALB/c Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Bacterial and Viral Coinfections in Adult Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Throughout the Pandemic: A Multinational Cohort Study in the EuCARE Project.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Impact of ceiling of care on mortality across four COVID-19 epidemic waves in Catalonia: a multicentre prospective cohort study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Low Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 KP.3.1.1 and XEC in Serum From Seniors in May 2024.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort study.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Investigating outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients throughout the pandemic is crucial to understand the impact of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. We compared 28-day in-hospital mortality of Wild-type, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variant infections. Whether the difference in risk by variant varied by age was also evaluated. Methods: We conducted a cohort study including patients ≥18 years, hospitalised between 2020 and 02-01 and 2022-10-15 with a SARS-CoV-2 positive test, from nine countries. Variant was classified based on sequenced viruses or from national public metadata. Mortality was compared using the cumulative incidence function and subdistribution hazard ratios (SHR) adjusted for age, sex, calendar time, and comorbidities. Results were shown age-stratified due to effect measure modification ( Findings: We included 38,585 participants: 19,763 Wild-type, 6387 Alpha, 3640 Delta, and 8795 Omicron. The cumulative incidence of mortality decreased throughout the study period. Among participants ≥70 years, the adjusted SHR (95% confidence interval) for Delta vs. Omicron was 1.66 (1.29-2.13). This estimate was 1.66 (1.17-2.36) for Alpha vs. Omicron, and 1.34 (0.92-1.95) for Wild-type vs. Omicron. These were 1.21 (0.81-1.82), 1.21 (0.68-2.17), and 0.98 (0.53-1.82) among unvaccinated participants. When comparing Omicron sublineages, the aSHR for BA.1 was 1.92 (1.43-2.58) compared to BA.2 and 1.52 (1.11-2.08) compared to BA.5. Interpretation: The herein observed decrease in in-hospital mortality seems to reflect a combined effect of immunity from vaccinations and previous infections, although differences in virulence between SARS-CoV-2 variants may also have contributed. Funding: European Union's Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme.
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