ArticleBMC biology2024
Reconstructing the ancestral gene pool to uncover the origins and genetic links of Hmong-Mien speakers.
Article in BMC biology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Moderate-density SNPs combined with machine learning method driven kinship identification and East Asian subpopulations discrimination analysis.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- Multiple southward migrations of Neolithic Chinese farmers into Southeast Asia revealed from large-scale Y-chromosome sequences.Science advances · 2026Article
- Genetic formation and regional disparities of Kra-Dai and Hmong-Mien speakers inferred from ancient genomes of cave burial populations in southwest China.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Ancient Yellow River ancestry and divergent admixture histories in the Qiang people.Science advances · 2026Article
- Ancient genomes in Southwest China revealed genetic interactions among diverse populations in the historical period.BMC biology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHmong-Mien (HM) speakers are linguistically related and live primarily in China, but little is known about their ancestral origins or the evolutionary mechanism shaping their genomic diversity. In particular, the lack of whole-genome sequencing data on the Yao population has prevented a full investigation of the origins and evolutionary history of HM speakers. As such, their origins are debatable.
resultsHere, we made a deep sequencing effort of 80 Yao genomes, and our analysis together with 28 East Asian populations and 968 ancient Asian genomes suggested that there is a strong genetic basis for the formation of the HM language family. We estimated that the most recent common ancestor dates to 5800 years ago, while the genetic divergence between the HM and Tai-Kadai speakers was estimated to be 8200 years ago. We proposed that HM speakers originated from the Yangtze River Basin and spread with agricultural civilization. We identified highly differentiated variants between HM and Han Chinese, in particular, a deafness-related missense variant (rs72474224) in the GJB2 gene is in a higher frequency in HM speakers than in others.
conclusionsOur results indicated complex gene flow and medically relevant variants involved in the HM speakers' evolution history.
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