ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
TGF-β Signaling Pathways in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Annexin A1 as a Key Modulator of Inflammatory, Glial, and Angiogenic Signaling Pathways in Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Article
- Correlation between the expression levels of miR-199a-3p and FN1 in serum and aqueous humor and the severity of type 2 diabetic retinopathy in a Chinese population.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Translational advances in diabetic nephropathy management: integrating nanoformulation-based drug delivery systems.Frontiers in medical technology · 2026Review
- Breakthroughs in diabetic retinopathy diagnosis and treatment using preclinical research models: current progress and future directions.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Global, regional and national burden of blindness and vision loss attributable to diabetic retinopathy, 1990-2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Article
- Therapeutic potential of integrins in diabetic retinopathy.World journal of diabetes · 2025Review
- Potential mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in diabetic retinopathy from the perspectives of multi-omics.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Gene Expression and the Regulatory Role of microRNAs Related to the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Treated With Lipopolysaccharide A and Tacrolimus.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- Activated Growth Factor From Platelets as Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy Through Antioxidant-Oxidative Stress Pathway.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Inflammatory mechanisms in diabetic retinopathy: pathogenic roles and therapeutic perspectives.American journal of translational research · 2025Review
- Quercetin prevents rats from type 1 diabetic liver damage by inhibiting TGF-ꞵ/apelin gene expression.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus affecting a significant portion of the global population, has long been viewed primarily as a microvascular disorder. However, emerging evidence suggests that it should be redefined as a neurovascular disease with multifaceted pathogenesis rooted in oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling family has emerged as a major contributor to DR pathogenesis due to its pivotal role in retinal vascular homeostasis, endothelial cell barrier function, and pericyte differentiation. However, the precise roles of TGF-β signaling in DR remain incompletely understood, with conflicting reports on its impact in different stages of the disease. Additionally, the BMP subfamily within the TGF-β superfamily introduces further complexity, with BMPs exhibiting both pro- and anti-angiogenic properties. Furthermore, TGF-β signaling extends beyond the vascular realm, encompassing immune regulation, neuronal survival, and maintenance. The intricate interactions between TGF-β and reactive oxygen species (ROS), non-coding RNAs, and inflammatory mediators have been implicated in the pathogenesis of DR. This review delves into the complex web of signaling pathways orchestrated by the TGF-β superfamily and their involvement in DR. A comprehensive understanding of these pathways may hold the key to developing targeted therapies to halt or mitigate the progression of DR and its devastating consequences.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.