ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Microbiota, Tryptophan and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors as the Target Triad in Parkinson's Disease-A Narrative Review.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cellular and systemic modifiers of alpha-synuclein proteostasis.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026Review
- Convergent Astrocytic Failure in Parkinson's Disease: A System-Level Model of Pathogenesis and Treatment.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Natural Products as Nutritional Supplements in Human Disease Prevention and Management: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Article
- Sex-specific metabolic and microbial remodeling in a rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease following nicotine administration.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Article
- The microbiota-tryptophan-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases: pathogenic mechanisms, disease-specific roles, and translational therapeutics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Heat stress-induced gut dysbiosis and multi-organ injury: mechanisms and therapeutic modulation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM17938 Attenuates Neuroinflammatory Responses After Spinal Cord Injury by Modulating Tryptophan Metabolism.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Ligand-specific duality of aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling in cognitive health: from environmental neurotoxicity to microbiome-mediated neuroprotection.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- The ketogenic diet in Parkinson's disease: a potential therapeutic strategy.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Review
- Interactions between gut microbiota and parkinson's disease: the role of tryptophan metabolism.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Microbiota-Derived Tryptophan Metabolite Indole-3-Propionic Acid-Emerging Role in Neuroprotection.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Special Issue "Tryptophan in Nutrition and Health 3.0".International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Tryptophan metabolism-related gene CYP1B1 serves as a shared biomarker for both Parkinson's disease and insomnia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The GPR39 Receptor Plays an Important Role in the Pathogenesis of Overactive Bladder and Corticosterone-Induced Depression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Metabolic Side Effects from Antipsychotic Treatment with Clozapine Linked to Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Activation.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Kynurenine Pathway after Kidney Transplantation: Friend or Foe?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Tryptophan As a New Member of RNA-Induced Silencing Complexes Prevents Colon Cancer Liver Metastasis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Psychobiotics and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Where Do We Go from Here?Microorganisms · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the era of a steadily increasing lifespan, neurodegenerative diseases among the elderly present a significant therapeutic and socio-economic challenge. A properly balanced diet and microbiome diversity have been receiving increasing attention as targets for therapeutic interventions in neurodegeneration. Microbiota may affect cognitive function, neuronal survival and death, and gut dysbiosis was identified in Parkinson's disease (PD). Tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid, is degraded by microbiota and hosts numerous compounds with immune- and neuromodulating properties. This broad narrative review presents data supporting the concept that microbiota, the Trp-kynurenine (KYN) pathway and aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs) form a triad involved in PD. A disturbed gut-brain axis allows the bidirectional spread of pro-inflammatory molecules and α-synuclein, which may contribute to the development/progression of the disease. We suggest that the peripheral levels of kynurenines and AhR ligands are strongly linked to the Trp metabolism in the gut and should be studied together with the composition of the microbiota. Such an approach can clearly delineate the sub-populations of PD patients manifesting with a disturbed microbiota-Trp-KYN-brain triad, who would benefit from modifications in the Trp metabolism. Analyses of the microbiome, Trp-KYN pathway metabolites and AhR signaling may shed light on the mechanisms of intestinal distress and identify new targets for the diagnosis and treatment in early-stage PD. Therapeutic interventions based on the combination of a well-defined food regimen, Trp and probiotics seem of potential benefit and require further experimental and clinical research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.