ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
The Binding Properties of Antibodies to Z-DNA in the Sera of Normal Healthy Subjects.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- ZBP1 in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration: Z-Nucleic-Acid Sensing, RHIM Signalling and Therapeutic Targeting.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Binding specificity of IgG antibodies to mycobacterial DNA in plasmas of patients with tuberculosis and healthy controls.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- Biofilm-derived curli and Z-DNA shape anti-DNA antibody responses during Salmonella infections.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Extracellular heme:DNA complexes promote oxidative stress and inflammation during lupus-associated hemolysis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Structural basis of B-to-Z DNA transition mediated by an anti-Z-DNA antibody.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Unravelling the noncanonical extracellular DNA structures in biofilm and NETosis.Nucleic acids research · 2026Review
- Philosophical and distinct SLE epitomes: dogmas in conflict with evidences and an intellectual dissonance between established pathophysiological models.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Why is it so difficult to understand why we don't understand human systemic lupus erythematosus? Contemplating facts, conflicts, and impact of "the causality cascade paradigm".Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Antibodies to DNA are a diverse set of antibodies that bind sites on DNA, a polymeric macromolecule that displays various conformations. In a previous study, we showed that sera of normal healthy subjects (NHS) contain IgG antibodies to Z-DNA, a left-handed helix with a zig-zig backbone. Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of Z-DNA in bacterial biofilms, suggesting a source of this conformation to induce responses. To characterize further antibodies to Z-DNA, we used an ELISA assay with brominated poly(dGdC) as a source of Z-DNA and determined the isotype of these antibodies and their binding properties. Results of these studies indicate that NHS sera contain IgM and IgA as well as IgG anti-Z-DNA antibodies. As shown by the effects of ionic strength in association and dissociation assays, the anti-Z-DNA antibodies bind primarily by electrostatic interactions; this type of binding differs from that of induced anti-Z-DNA antibodies from immunized animals which bind by non-ionic interactions. Furthermore, urea caused dissociation of NHS anti-Z-DNA at molar concentrations much lower than those for the induced antibodies. These studies also showed IgA anti-Z-DNA antibodies in fecal water. Together, these studies demonstrate that antibodies to Z-DNA occur commonly in normal immunity and may arise as a response to Z-DNA of bacterial origin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.