Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38472419›Full record

Observational studyActa neurochirurgica2024

The association between head injury and facial fracture treatment: an observational study of hospitalized bicyclists from a level 1 trauma centre.

Pål Galteland, Mats Døving, Ingar Næss, Amer Sehic, Tor Paaske Utheim, Torsten Eken, Nils Oddvar Skaga, Eirik Helseth, Jon Ramm-Pettersen

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Acta neurochirurgica, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Exploring risk groups for concomitant injuries in facial fracture patients: a data-driven analysis.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Continuously increasing e-scooter accidents and their possible prevention in a large European city.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Pål GaltelandDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PO Box 4956, NO-0424, Oslo, Norway. pgalteland@yahoo.no.ORCID 0000-0001-9363-7905
Mats DøvingDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PO Box 4956, NO-0424, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-2626-4982
Ingar NæssFaculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-2014-8403
Amer SehicDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PO Box 4956, NO-0424, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0001-8203-5511
Tor Paaske UtheimDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PO Box 4956, NO-0424, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-3821-6777
Torsten EkenFaculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-5943-4538
Nils Oddvar SkagaDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-5181-0447
Eirik HelsethFaculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0001-5758-6485
Jon Ramm-PettersenFaculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-9224-5624
Oslo University Hospital · NOUniversity of Oslo · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo compare the types of facial fractures and their treatment in bicyclists admitted to a level 1 trauma centre with major and minor-moderate head injury.

methodsRetrospective analysis of data from bicycle-related injuries in the period 2005-2016 extracted from the Oslo University Hospital trauma registry.

resultsA total of 967 bicyclists with head injuries classified according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) were included. The group suffering minor-moderate head injury (AIS Head 1-2) included 518 bicyclists, while 449 bicyclists had major head injury (AIS Head 3-6). The mean patient age was 40.2 years (range 3-91 years) and 701 patients (72%) were men. A total of 521 facial fractures were registered in 262 patients (on average 2 facial fractures per bicyclist). Bicyclists with major head injury exhibited increased odds for facial fractures compared to bicyclists with minor-moderate head injury (sex and age adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.03-3.72, p < 0.001. More specifically, there was increased odds for all midface fractures, but no difference for mandible fractures. There was also increased odds for orbital reconstruction in cyclist with major head injury compared to bicyclist with minor-moderate head injury (adjusted OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.30-8.60, p = 0.012).

conclusionBicyclists with more severe head injuries had increased odds for midface fractures and surgical correction of orbital fractures. During trauma triage, the head and the face should be considered as one unit.

Indexed as

Craniocerebral TraumaSkull FracturesAccidents, TrafficAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBicyclingChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTrauma CentersBicyclingFaceFracturesHead injury

Identifiers

PMID38472419
PMCPMC10933183
OpenAlexW4394761831

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.