Observational studyThorax2024
Patient stratification using plasma cytokines and their regulators in sepsis: relationship to outcomes, treatment effect and leucocyte transcriptomic subphenotypes.
Observational study in Thorax, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early differential protein expression in blood and bronchoalveolar fluid among ARDS phenotypes.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Evaluating plasma ferritin and suPAR as treatable traits for critically ill patients with COVID-19 treated with anakinra: an exploratory analysis of the immune modulation domain of the REMAP-CAP randomised clinical trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Lymphopenia and elevated NLR identify patients with septic shock who may benefit from corticosteroids: a target trial emulation study.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- Protein Quantification Platforms For Use In Critical Care Precision Medicine Trials: A Scoping Review.Critical care explorations · 2026Article
- Multicenter Validation of Clinical Sepsis Phenotypes.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Article
- Identification and Characterization of Sepsis Phenotypes in an Indian Cohort.Critical care research and practice · 2026Article
- Interferon-gamma to interleukin-10 ratio is negatively associated with short-term mortality risk in sepsis patients: a retrospective study based on immune balance index.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immune imbalance markers: key factors in early recognition of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in non-immunocompromised VAP patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Clinical subphenotypes and molecular endotypes in sepsis: toward an integrated and dynamic framework.Annals of intensive care · 2026Review
- Potential of biomarker-based enrichment strategies to identify critically ill patients for emerging cell death interventions.Cell death and differentiation · 2025Article
- Prediction of Hyperinflammatory Phenotypes in Critically Ill Patients via Routine Clinical Data and IL-6: Towards Personalized Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Plasma proteomics identifies molecular subtypes in sepsis.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
- Identification of transcriptomic sepsis endotypes in sub-Saharan Africa: derivation, validation, and global alignment in two Ugandan cohorts.Intensive care medicine · 2025Observational
- Sepsis subphenotypes, theragnostics and personalized sepsis care.Intensive care medicine · 2025Review
- Unsupervised clustering for sepsis identification in large-scale patient data: a model development and validation study.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Article
- Metabolic septic shock sub-phenotypes, stability over time and association with clinical outcome.Intensive care medicine · 2025Article
- The effects of ultra-selective beta1-antagonism on the metabolic and cytokine profile in septic shock patients receiving noradrenaline: a sub-investigation from the STRESS-L Randomised Study.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Article
- The role of α-hydroxybutyrate in modulating sepsis progression: identification of key targets and biomarkers through multi-database data mining, machine learning, and unsupervised clustering.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- AI-driven multi-omics profiling of sepsis immunity in the digestive system.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 11 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleHeterogeneity of the host response within sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and more widely critical illness, limits discovery and targeting of immunomodulatory therapies. Clustering approaches using clinical and circulating biomarkers have defined hyper-inflammatory and hypo-inflammatory subphenotypes in ARDS associated with differential treatment response. It is unknown if similar subphenotypes exist in sepsis populations where leucocyte transcriptomic-defined subphenotypes have been reported.
objectivesWe investigated whether inflammatory clusters based on cytokine protein abundance were seen in sepsis, and the relationships with previously described transcriptomic subphenotypes.
methodsHierarchical cluster and latent class analysis were applied to an observational study (UK Genomic Advances in Sepsis (GAinS)) (n=124 patients) and two clinical trial datasets (VANISH, n=155 and LeoPARDS, n=484) in which the plasma protein abundance of 65, 21, 11 circulating cytokines, cytokine receptors and regulators were quantified. Clinical features, outcomes, response to trial treatments and assignment to transcriptomic subphenotypes were compared between inflammatory clusters. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsWe identified two (UK GAinS, VANISH) or three (LeoPARDS) inflammatory clusters. A group with high levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines was seen that was associated with worse organ dysfunction and survival. No interaction between inflammatory clusters and trial treatment response was found. We found variable overlap of inflammatory clusters and leucocyte transcriptomic subphenotypes.
conclusionsThese findings demonstrate that differences in response at the level of cytokine biology show clustering related to severity, but not treatment response, and may provide complementary information to transcriptomic sepsis subphenotypes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN20769191, ISRCTN12776039.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.