ArticleNature communications2024
Impact of vaccination on the association of COVID-19 with cardiovascular diseases: An OpenSAFELY cohort study.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unraveling Cardiovascular Risks and Benefits of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- The risk of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and thromboembolic events after community-acquired pneumonia among adults: a systematic literature review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 infection and long-term risk of cardiovascular and renal morbidity.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Pre-Infection COVID-19 Vaccination and Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Adults Without Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- 2024-2025 COVID-19 Vaccine and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Among US Veterans.JAMA internal medicine · 2026Article
- Valvular Heart Disease and Heart Failure in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms, Diagnosis, Differential Assessment, and Clinical Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Standard and Non-standard Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Ischemic Heart Disease and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Clinical Review.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Review
- Predictors of Long COVID: older adults, women, and an incomplete COVID-19 vaccination schedule.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2026Article
- The long-term impact of mild COVID-19 on cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients on hemodialysis: a post-Omicron era retrospective observational study.Renal failure · 2025Observational
- Article
- Review
- COVID-19 Vaccination and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Older Adults With Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure: Insights From a Large Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Temporal trends in hospital-recorded pulmonary embolism in England before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic (2008-2024): a population-based observational study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Long-term cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 survivors according to disease severity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Incidence and risk factors of new-onset hypertension up to 3 years post SARS-CoV-2 infection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- History of COVID-19 as a Risk Factor for Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Case-Control Study.Cardiology research · 2025Article
- Dynamic effects of COVID-19 vaccination on major acute cardiovascular events and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a target trial emulation study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Saudi Heart Association Position Statement on Adult Vaccinations for Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases.Journal of the Saudi Heart Association · 2025Article
- Review
- From Crisis to Complications: A Nationwide Cohort Study Assessing One-Year Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Risks After Severe COVID-19 Compared to Matched Controls.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
33 authors at 13 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 is associated with an increased risk of arterial and venous thrombotic events, but the implications of vaccination for this increased risk are uncertain. With the approval of NHS England, we quantified associations between COVID-19 diagnosis and cardiovascular diseases in different vaccination and variant eras using linked electronic health records for ~40% of the English population. We defined a 'pre-vaccination' cohort (18,210,937 people) in the wild-type/Alpha variant eras (January 2020-June 2021), and 'vaccinated' and 'unvaccinated' cohorts (13,572,399 and 3,161,485 people respectively) in the Delta variant era (June-December 2021). We showed that the incidence of each arterial thrombotic, venous thrombotic and other cardiovascular outcomes was substantially elevated during weeks 1-4 after COVID-19, compared with before or without COVID-19, but less markedly elevated in time periods beyond week 4. Hazard ratios were higher after hospitalised than non-hospitalised COVID-19 and higher in the pre-vaccination and unvaccinated cohorts than the vaccinated cohort. COVID-19 vaccination reduces the risk of cardiovascular events after COVID-19 infection. People who had COVID-19 before or without being vaccinated are at higher risk of cardiovascular events for at least two years.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.