ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2024
Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Refine Outcomes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated with Anthracycline-Free Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- The immunology of human breast cancer.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- AI-assisted image analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as a prognostic marker in chemotherapy-naïve luminal breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- Risk stratification and relapse pattern in triple-negative breast cancer with pathological complete response after neoadjuvant treatment: the European GAMBIT real-world study.Nature communications · 2026Observational
- Stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and TNBC-DX provide complementary prognostic information in triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- TILseg: Automated Whole Slide-Level Spatial Scoring of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Reveals Prognostic Patterns in Triple Negative Breast Cancer.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Case Report: Pathologic complete response in triple negative breast cancer treated with anthracycline free regimen.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- AI assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes on routine H&E-slides as a predictor of response to neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer-a real-world study.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Prognostic and predictive capacity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the MA.20 regional node radiotherapy trial.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of platinum-based, anthracycline-free neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Distinct evolutionary patterns of tumour-immune escape and elimination determined by extracellular matrix architectures.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025Article
- Assessment of PD-L1 expression and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma with artificial intelligence algorithms.Journal of clinical pathology · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and change in tumor load on MRI to assess response and prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Targeting low-risk triple-negative breast cancer: a review on de-escalation strategies for a new era.Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer · 2025Review
- Stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with the addition of platinum and pembrolizumab in TNBC: a single-center real-world study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Understanding the interplay between extracellular matrix topology and tumor-immune interactions: Challenges and opportunities.Oncotarget · 2024Review
- The global trends and distribution in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes over the past 49 years: bibliometric and visualized analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeStromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTIL) are associated with pathologic complete response (pCR) and long-term outcomes for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in the setting of anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The impact of sTILs on refining outcomes beyond prognostic information provided by pCR in anthracycline-free neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is not known. EXPERIMENTAL
designThis is a pooled analysis of two studies where patients with stage I (T>1 cm)-III TNBC received carboplatin (AUC 6) plus docetaxel (75 mg/m2; CbD) NAC. sTILs were evaluated centrally on pre-treatment hematoxylin and eosin slides using standard criteria. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the effect of variables on event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS).
resultsAmong 474 patients, 44% had node-positive disease. Median sTILs were 5% (range, 1%-95%), and 32% of patients had ≥30% sTILs. pCR rate was 51%. On multivariable analysis, T stage (OR, 2.08; P = 0.007), nodal status (OR, 1.64; P = 0.035), and sTILs (OR, 1.10; P = 0.011) were associated with pCR. On multivariate analysis, nodal status (HR, 0.46; P = 0.008), pCR (HR, 0.20; P < 0.001), and sTILs (HR, 0.95; P = 0.049) were associated with OS. At 30% cut-point, sTILs stratified outcomes in stage III disease, with 5-year OS 86% versus 57% in ≥30% versus <30% sTILs (HR, 0.29; P = 0.014), and numeric trend in stage II, with 5-year OS 93% versus 89% in ≥30% versus <30% sTILs (HR, 0.55; P = 0.179). Among stage II-III patients with pCR, EFS was better in those with ≥30% sTILs (HR, 0.16; P, 0.047).
conclusionssTILs density was an independent predictor of OS beyond clinicopathologic features and pathologic response in patients with TNBC treated with anthracycline-free CbD chemotherapy. Notably, sTILs density stratified outcomes beyond tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and pathologic response. These findings highlight the role of sTILs in patient selection and stratification for neo/adjuvant escalation and de-escalation strategies.
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