ReviewAutoimmune diseases2024
A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Interleukin-40 as a Biomarker for Diagnosing Inflammatory Diseases.
Review in Autoimmune diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Salivary asprosin, IL-39, IL-40, and IL-1β levels in diabetic patients with periodontitis: A cross-sectional analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Trial
- Peripheral blood mRNA expression of IL37, IL1F10, and C17orf99 genes is altered in patients with B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case-control study.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Deficiency of interleukin-40 prevents intestinal damage in experimental necrotizing enterocolitis by inhibiting NETosis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- IL40: A Newly Described Cytokine With Conflicting Measurements and Detection Variability-Are There Different Forms?Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Interleukin-40 as a biomarker of mortality risk in patients with severe pneumonia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Unveiling Interleukin-40: A Novel Regulator of Macrophage and B Cell Function in Allergic Asthma.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Investigating the Role of Circular RNAs Circ_0003972 and Circ-PTPN22 in Regulating Cytokine Expression in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoarthritis.Iranian journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-40, and endorepellin levels in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2026Article
- Serum Interleukin-40 and Soluble CD40 Ligand as Complementary Biomarkers for Disease Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.Medeniyet medical journal · 2025Article
- Machine Learning-Based Analysis of Serum Interleukin-39 and Interleukin-40 Levels for Differentiating Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Medeniyet medical journal · 2025Article
- Interleukin-40 and Oxidative Stress in Patients With Generalized Anxiety Disorder.Psychiatry investigation · 2025Article
- Comparative Investigation of Cardiac Injury Mediated by IL-40 and Oxidative Stress Markers in Pericardial Fluid and Serum.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Multiple Horizontal Transfers of Immune Genes Between Distantly Related Teleost Fishes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Serum interleukin-40 increases in anti-AchR antibody-positive myasthenia gravis and correlates with disease activity.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukins are a group of proteins that have a wide range of complex functions and are believed to be involved in several diseases and conditions. In particular, interleukin-40 (IL-40) is a recently identified cytokine associated with B cells that was first introduced by Catalan et al. in 2017. This cytokine has several roles in the body, including functioning in the formation of B cells in the bone marrow, IgA production, and expression in the intestinal microbiome. Moreover, IL-40 appears to be involved in numerous autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjogren's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, type 2 diabetes, Graves' disease, and hepatic cell carcinoma. Our understanding of this molecule is quite restricted due to its novelty. However, because of its inflammatory characteristics, there is a high probability that it contributes to a variety of inflammatory disease complications. The aim of the present review is to highlight all available data on the importance of assessing IL-40 levels in human diseases up to now, which could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for the onset or progression of numerous inflammatory diseases.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.