ArticleParasites & vectors2024
Enzootic stability of tick fever in Holstein calves grazing in a tropical region, subjected to strategic cattle tick control with fluralaner.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of fluralaner as a treatment for ectoparasitic infections in mammalian species.PeerJ · 2025Pooled it
- Vertical transmission, infection dynamics and risk factors for the occurrence of tick fever agents in beef cattle from a tropical region.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Article
- Serological Assessment of Enzootic Status and Associated Risk Factors for Cattle Tick Fever in Herds from Paraíba State, Northeast Brazil.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Susceptibility of Rhipicephalus microplus to fluralaner: assessment before and after implementation of a strategic control protocol in taurine cattle in a tropical region.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Assessing the susceptibility of 200 Rhipicephalus microplus populations to fluralaner using larval immersion test: A nationwide analysis from Brazil.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Canine vector-borne diseases: a changing world demands a new preventive strategy from veterinarians.Parasites & vectors · 2026Review
- Epidemiological Spectrum of Bovine Tick-Borne Pathogens in Northeast Brazil: Comparative Analysis Across a Tropical Humid and Two Semi-Arid Regions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Does fluralaner (ExzoltParasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Acaricidal efficacy of fluralaner against Rhipicephalus microplus ticks under laboratory and field conditions in Brazil.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn 2022, fluralaner was launched on the market for use in the control of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus after showing 100% efficacy in registration trials against the causative agents of cattle tick fever (TFAs). The aim of the present study was to determine whether a strategic control regimen against R. microplus using fluralaner (FLU) in Holstein calves grazing in a tropical region would alter the enzootic stability status of cattle tick fever, triggering outbreaks in these animals up to 22 months age.
methodsIn this study, a group of calves treated with FLU was compared with a control group treated with the regimen currently being used on the farm, which consisted of the fipronil + fluazuron formulation (FIFLUA). In the first experiment, the efficacy of the FIFLUA pour-on formulation was evaluated in a field study. In the second experiment, which lasted 550 days, two experimental groups (n = 30/group) of Holstein calves naturally infested with R. microplus were analyzed. Calves aged 4 to 10 months received either a specific treatment regimen with FLU (experimental group) or FIFLUA (control group). During this period, tick counts, animal weight measurement, feces collection (to determine eggs and oocysts per gram of feces), tick fever monitoring, blood smears (to ascertain enzootic stability of the herd), PCR testing for TFAs and serology (indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [iELISA]) were performed. All calves were evaluated for signs of tick fever between ages 11 and 22 months.
resultsFIFLUA showed an acaricidal efficacy of > 90% from post-treatment days 14 to 35. Regarding treatments against the TFAs, the average number of treatments was similar between groups, but animals treated with FLU had a smaller reduction in packed cell volume on some of the evaluation dates of the second and third treatment against TFAs. In calves aged 10 months in the FLU group, B. bovis was not detected by PCR (0/15 samples), 40% of the samples had antibody titers and 33% (10/30) of the samples had positive blood smears. Regarding B. bigemina, > 86% of the samples in both groups tested positive for B. bigemina DNA and antibodies; there was no difference in the antibody titers between the groups. There were no clinical cases of cattle tick fever in calves aged 11 to 22 months.
conclusionsIn comparison with the control treatment, the strategic control regimen against R. microplus with FLU that was implemented in the present study did not negatively affect the enzootic stability status of A. marginale and B. bigemina in the herd up to 22 months of age. The enzootic stability status of B. bovis was not reached by either group. These results likely represent a characteristic of the local tick population, so further studies should be performed.
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