ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2024
When to Pull the Trigger: Conceptual Considerations for Approximating Head Acceleration Events Using Instrumented Mouthguards.
Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07507253 (Pilot Study on the Correlation Between Accelerations Experienced During Matches by Professional Rugby Players and a Profile of Salivary Biomarkers Identified in the Literature as Related to Concussion.), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pilot Study on the Correlation Between Accelerations Experienced During Matches by Professional Rugby Players and a Profile of Salivary Biomarkers Identified in the Literature as Related to Concussion.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantification of heading in adult football: a systematic review and evidence synthesis.British journal of sports medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Unlocking the Impact: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Biomechanical Insights into Rugby Head Impacts Using Wearable Sensor Technology.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Pooled it
- Head Acceleration Event Probabilities During Standardised Contact Drills in Academy Men's Rugby League.European journal of sport science · 2026Article
- Instrumented Mouthguards in Women's Rugby League: Quantifying the Incidence and Probability of Head Acceleration Events at Group and Individual Levels.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Head Acceleration Event Exposure during Pre-Season Training in Elite Men's Rugby Union.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Biomechanical Profiles of Diagnosed Concussions in Rugby Union: A Case Study Using Instrumented Mouthguards.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Non-concussive impacts, cognition, and the menstrual cycle: a proof-of-concept study of elite female footballers.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Comparison of Six Data Cleaning Methods for Determining Repetitive Head Impact Exposure in Youth Tackle Football.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Inertial Head Accelerations in Front-On, One-on-One Tackles in Professional Women Rugby League Players.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Quantifying Head Impacts in Elite Muay Thai: A Case Study Using Instrumented Mouthguards.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Contact Role and Tackle Characteristics Shape Head Acceleration Exposure in Male Community Rugby: A Cohort Study Utilising Instrumented Mouthguards.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Observational
- Head Acceleration Events Measured by Instrumented Mouthguards in Elite Australian Football.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Head Acceleration Event Exposure During Elite Men's and Women's Rugby Union Training.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Instrumented Mouthguards in Men's Rugby League: Quantifying the Incidence and Probability of Head Acceleration Events at a Group and Individual Level.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- The Incidence of Head Acceleration Events During Pitch-Based Training and Match Play in Professional Men's Rugby League.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Probability of Head Acceleration Events in Elite Men's and Women's Rugby Union Match-Play: The Impact of Tackle Height and Body Position.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Contact and Head Acceleration Characteristics of a Women's Rugby Union Team During an International Tournament.European journal of sport science · 2025Article
- The 'Where, What, How and Who' of Head Accelerations in Rugby Union. Head Acceleration Events From Men's and Women's Northern and Southern Hemisphere Competitions.European journal of sport science · 2025Article
- Detecting and Salvaging Head Impacts with Decoupling Artifacts from Instrumented Mouthguards.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Comparison of Instrumented Mouthguard Post-Processing Methods.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Head acceleration events (HAEs) are acceleration responses of the head following external short-duration collisions. The potential risk of brain injury from a single high-magnitude HAE or repeated occurrences makes them a significant concern in sport. Instrumented mouthguards (iMGs) can approximate HAEs. The distinction between sensor acceleration events, the iMG datum for approximating HAEs and HAEs themselves, which have been defined as the in vivo event, is made to highlight limitations of approximating HAEs using iMGs. This article explores the technical limitations of iMGs that constrain the approximation of HAEs and discusses important conceptual considerations for stakeholders interpreting iMG data. The approximation of HAEs by sensor acceleration events is constrained by false positives and false negatives. False positives occur when a sensor acceleration event is recorded despite no (in vivo) HAE occurring, while false negatives occur when a sensor acceleration event is not recorded after an (in vivo) HAE has occurred. Various mechanisms contribute to false positives and false negatives. Video verification and post-processing algorithms offer effective means for eradicating most false positives, but mitigation for false negatives is less comprehensive. Consequently, current iMG research is likely to underestimate HAE exposures, especially at lower magnitudes. Future research should aim to mitigate false negatives, while current iMG datasets should be interpreted with consideration for false negatives when inferring athlete HAE exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.