Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38458796›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2024

Association between long-term use of calcium channel blockers (CCB) and the risk of breast cancer: a retrospective longitudinal observational study protocol.

Chau Ho, Ninh Thi Ha, David Youens, Walter P Abhayaratna, Max K Bulsara, Jeffery David Hughes, Gita Mishra, Sallie-Anne Pearson, David B Preen, Christopher M Reid and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05972785 (Association of Long-term Use of Calcium Channel Blockers), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05972785 active not recruitingnot on this map

Association of Long-term Use of Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB) and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Longitudinal Observational Study

TypeobservationalSponsorCurtin UniversityRan2022 to 2025Enrolled68,500ConditionsHypertension,Essential, Breast CancerArmsCalcium channel blocker, Beta blocker, Diuretic, RAS, Other AHT
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Chau HoSchool of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4285-9409
Ninh Thi HaSchool of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
David YouensSchool of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia david.youens@curtin.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0002-4296-4161
Walter P AbhayaratnaCanberra Health Services, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Max K BulsaraInstitute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8033-6123
Jeffery David HughesCurtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0040-4753
Gita MishraSchool of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Sallie-Anne PearsonSchool of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
David B PreenThe NHMRC Medicines Intelligence Centre of Research Excellence, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Christopher M ReidSchool of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Rikje RuiterDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands.
Christobel M SaundersMedical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Bruno H StrickerDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3713-9762
Frank J A van RooijDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands.
Cameron WrightSchool of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Rachael MoorinSchool of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8742-7151

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCalcium channel blockers (CCB), a commonly prescribed antihypertensive (AHT) medicine, may be associated with increased risk of breast cancer. The proposed study aims to examine whether long-term CCB use is associated with the development of breast cancer and to characterise the dose-response nature of any identified association, to inform future hypertension management. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study will use data from 2 of Australia's largest cohort studies; the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, and the 45 and Up Study, combined with the Rotterdam Study. Eligible women will be those with diagnosed hypertension, no history of breast cancer and no prior CCB use at start of follow-up (2004-2009). Cumulative dose-duration exposure to CCB and other AHT medicines will be captured at the earliest date of: the outcome (a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer); a competing risk event (eg, bilateral mastectomy without a diagnosis of breast cancer, death prior to any diagnosis of breast cancer) or end of follow-up (censoring event). Fine and Gray competing risks regression will be used to assess the association between CCB use and development of breast cancer using a generalised propensity score to adjust for baseline covariates. Time-varying covariates related to interaction with health services will also be included in the model. Data will be harmonised across cohorts to achieve identical protocols and a two-step random effects individual patient-level meta-analysis will be used. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was obtained from the following Human research Ethics Committees: Curtin University (ref No. HRE2022-0335), NSW Population and Health Services Research Ethics Committee (2022/ETH01392/2022.31), ACT Research Ethics and Governance Office approval under National Mutual Acceptance for multijurisdictional data linkage research (2022.STE.00208). Results of the proposed study will be published in high-impact journals and presented at key scientific meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05972785.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsHypertensionAustraliaCalcium Channel BlockersFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMastectomyMeta-Analysis as TopicObservational Studies as TopicRetrospective StudiesCalcium Channel BlockersBreast tumoursEPIDEMIOLOGYHypertension

Identifiers

PMID38458796
PMCPMC10928765

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.