ArticleScience immunology2024
Transmembrane domain-driven PD-1 dimers mediate T cell inhibition.
Article in Science immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discovering New Orthologous Groups with P-COGs.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Understanding the Therapeutic Potential of PD-1 Agonism in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Review
- T-Cell Exhaustion in the Tumor Microenvironment: Subcellular Dysfunction, Pan-Cancer Characteristics, and Therapeutic Interventions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Immunomodulators for Cancer Immunotherapy: Insights Into Resistance and Therapeutic Strategies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Cell surface interactome analysis identifies TSPAN4 as a negative regulator of PD-L1 in melanoma.Molecular oncology · 2026Article
- Mechanical force regulates the inhibitory function of PD-1.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- PD1-induced Shp2 condensation organizes inhibitory signalosomes through selective substrate partitioning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- TME remodeling and clinical challenges of immune checkpoint blockade in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- isMap - immunological synapse map analysis program.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Engineering strategies and binding mechanisms of therapeutic anti-PD-1 antibodies approved by regulatory agencies globally.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Nanomedicine targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in autoimmune diseases: breaking conventional barriers to restore immune tolerance.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Synthetic signaling platform uncovers and rewires cellular responses to PD-1 perturbation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Immune-based cancer therapies: mechanistic insights, clinical progress, and future directions.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2025Review
- Molecular dynamics insights into the redox effects on PD-1/PD-L1 and PD-1/PD-L2 interactions.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- PD-L1 Promotes Immunological Tolerance and Enhances Visual Protection of hESC-RPE Grafts in Retinal Degeneration.Cell proliferation · 2025Article
- Article
- Exploring new frontiers in LAG-3 biology and therapeutics.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2025Review
- The Structural Biology of T-Cell Antigen Detection at Close Contacts.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Functional differences between rodent and human PD-1 linked to evolutionary divergence.Science immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a potent immune checkpoint receptor on T lymphocytes. Upon engagement by its ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2, PD-1 inhibits T cell activation and can promote immune tolerance. Antagonism of PD-1 signaling has proven effective in cancer immunotherapy, and conversely, agonists of the receptor may have a role in treating autoimmune disease. Some immune receptors function as dimers, but PD-1 has been considered monomeric. Here, we show that PD-1 and its ligands form dimers as a consequence of transmembrane domain interactions and that propensity for dimerization correlates with the ability of PD-1 to inhibit immune responses, antitumor immunity, cytotoxic T cell function, and autoimmune tissue destruction. These observations contribute to our understanding of the PD-1 axis and how it can potentially be manipulated for improved treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.