ArticleFrontiers in epidemiology2023
Greedy knot selection algorithm for restricted cubic spline regression.
Article in Frontiers in epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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24 citing papers in PubMed.
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- The Inflammation Effect in the Association Between Bilirubin and Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Serum Neuritin is a Predictive Biomarker of Poor Neurological Recovery After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Prospective Cohort Study.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Synergistic effects of outdoor nighttime light, air pollution, and PMBMC public health · 2025Article
- Pan-Immune-Inflammatory value and risk of latent tuberculosis infection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of Serum Total Bilirubin to Cholesterol Ratio With Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Prevalence of anxiety disorder and its association with BMI: an analysis of women's experiences in Bangladesh using BDHS-2022 data.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Triglyceride glucose index is associated with vertebral fracture in older adults: a longitudinal study.Endocrine · 2025Article
- Association between neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio and mortality among US adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Postoperative Serum NLRP1 as a Biochemical Predictor of Delirium and Cognitive Decline After Hip Fracture Surgery in Elderly Patients: A Single Center Observational Study.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Observational
- Viral infections and related fatal adverse events associated with complement inhibitors for PNH: a real-world pharmacovigilance analysis in FAERS.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Non-linear regression modeling is common in epidemiology for prediction purposes or estimating relationships between predictor and response variables. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression is one such method, for example, highly relevant to Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis. RCS regression uses third-order polynomials joined at knot points to model non-linear relationships. The standard approach is to place knots by a regular sequence of quantiles between the outer boundaries. A regression curve can easily be fitted to the sample using a relatively high number of knots. The problem is then overfitting, where a regression model has a good fit to the given sample but does not generalize well to other samples. A low knot count is thus preferred. However, the standard knot selection process can lead to underperformance in the sparser regions of the predictor variable, especially when using a low number of knots. It can also lead to overfitting in the denser regions. We present a simple greedy search algorithm using a backward method for knot selection that shows reduced prediction error and Bayesian information criterion scores compared to the standard knot selection process in simulation experiments. We have implemented the algorithm as part of an open-source R-package, knutar.
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