ArticleFrontiers in epidemiology2022
Analysis of Recurrent Times-to-Clinical Malaria Episodes and
Article in Frontiers in epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical malaria recurrence and associated factors in infancy following IPTp-DP versus IPTp-SP in Busia, Uganda; a secondary analysis using the Conditional Frailty model.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated Net Use Gaps and Severity Predictors in a Pre-Elimination Landscape: A Retrospective Observational Study in Mberengwa, Zimbabwe.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingObservational
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Recurrent clinical malaria episodes due to Methods: The single event joint model comprised Cox Proportional Hazards (PH) sub-model for time-to-first clinical malaria episode and Negative Binomial (NB) mixed-effects sub-model for the longitudinal parasitemia. The recurrent events joint model extends the survival sub-model to a Gamma shared frailty model to include all recurrent clinical episodes. The models were applied to cohort data from Malawi. Simulations were also conducted to assess the performance of the model under different conditions. Results: The recurrent events joint model, which yielded higher hazard ratios of clinical malaria, was more precise and in most cases produced smaller standard errors than the single-event joint model; hazard ratio (HR) = 1.42, [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22, 2.03] vs. HR = 1.29, [95% CI:1.60, 2.45] among participants who reported not to use LLINs every night compared to those who used the nets every night; HR = 0.96, [ 95% CI: 0.94, 0.98] vs. HR = 0.81, [95% CI: 0.75, 0.88] for each 1-year increase in participants' age; and HR = 1.36, [95% CI: 1.05, 1.75] vs. HR = 1.10, [95% CI: 0.83, 4.11] for observations during the rainy season compared to the dry season. Conclusion: The recurrent events joint model in this study provides a way of estimating the risk of recurrent clinical malaria in a cohort where the effect of immunity on malaria disease acquired due to
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