ArticleNature medicine2024
Locoregional delivery of IL-13Rα2-targeting CAR-T cells in recurrent high-grade glioma: a phase 1 trial.
Erratum issued 2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase I
In one paragraph
Article in Nature medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 230 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
230citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
70.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase 1 Study of Autologous Tris-CAR-T Cell Locoregional Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma
NCT07422896 phase1not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation
A Phase I First-in-human Trial of Bvax (B-cell Vaccination) in Addition to Standard of Care Chemoradiotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
Who cites it
230 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 251 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of CAR-T-Cell-Based Immunotherapies in Patients With Glioma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell Therapy for Pediatric and Young Adult Primary Central Nervous System Tumors: A Systematic Review of Early Phase Clinical Trials with a Focus on Diffuse Midline Glioma.Targeted oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Locoregional delivery of CAR T cells in high-grade gliomas: a systematic analysis of safety, efficacy, and emerging biomarkers of response.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Pooled it
- T cell immunity in glioma and potential implications for immunotherapy: A systematic review.Neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- The safety and efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy in solid malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Scientometric analysis of glioblastoma and blood-brain barrier research (1995-2024): evolving trends and therapeutic challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Recent Locoregional CAR T-Cell Trials for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma: Implications for Neuro-Oncology Practice.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- The DIPG/DMG National Tumor Board: The power of advocacy.Neuro-oncology pediatrics · 2026Article
- The Imbalance Between Tumor Immunosurveillance and Tumor Immune Escape in Glioblastoma.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Glioma microenvironment: Cellular crosstalk, immunosuppression, and novel therapeutic perspectives.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Generation of Allogeneic CAR-T Circumvents Functional Deficits in Patient-Derived Autologous Product for Glioblastoma.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Next-generation therapeutics for glioblastoma: Challenges and future directions.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Re-expression of MHC-I to treat CNS cancers.Oncotarget · 2026Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy for solid tumors in pediatric patients: current breakthroughs, dilemmas, and strategies.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Supramolecular immunomodulatory hydrogelator potentiates CAR-T therapy with long-lasting endogenous immunity toward solid tumor eradication.Science advances · 2026Article
- Intracranial delivery of B7-H3-targeting CAR-T cells for recurrent glioblastoma: a phase 1 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- CAR-T cell therapy: potential for paediatric brain tumours-an update.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy for Glioma: A compartmental framework for resistance and rational combination design.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Brain barriers at the crossroads of glioma immune surveillance and immunotherapy response.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- The Invasive Margin of Glioblastoma as a Molecular Ecosystem: Spatial Heterogeneity, Tumor-Host Interactions, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
170 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
30 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Christine E BrownDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA. cbrown@coh.org.ORCID 0000-0003-4915-8207
Jonathan C Hibbard *Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Darya Alizadeh *Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
M Suzette Blanchard *Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Heini M NatriThe Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Dongrui WangDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Julie R OstbergDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Brenda AguilarDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Jamie R WagnerDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Jinny A PaulDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Renate StarrDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Robyn A WongDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Wuyang ChenDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Noah ShulkinDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Maryam AftabizadehDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Aleksandr FilippovDepartment of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8084-661X
Ammar ChaudhryDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Julie A ResslerDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Julie KilpatrickDepartment of Clinical Research, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Paige Myers-McNamaraDepartment of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Mike ChenDepartment of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Leo D WangDepartments of Immuno-Oncology and Pediatrics, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Russell C RockneDepartment of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1557-159X
Joseph GeorgesDepartment of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Jana PortnowDepartment of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Michael E BarishDepartment of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Massimo D'ApuzzoDepartment of Pathology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8146-0997
Nicholas E BanovichThe Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Stephen J FormanDepartment of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (T Cell Therapeutics Research Laboratories), City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2803-4152
Behnam BadieDepartment of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
City of Hope · USCity Of Hope National Medical Center · USTranslational Genomics Research Institute · US
Funding
Transgenic Mouse FacilityP30CA033572 · NCI · CITY OF HOPE/BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI XIWEI WU · 1985 to 2026
$86.3MOncology Research Career Development ProgramK12CA001727 · NCI · CITY OF HOPE NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER · PI MORTIMER, JOANNE E. · 1992 to 2024
$14.6MRole of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Product (RAGE) Pathway in Brain TumorsR01CA155769 · NCI · BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE · PI BADIE, BEHNAM · 2011 to 2021
$3.8MClinical evaluation of IL13Ra2-targeted CAR T cell therapy in combination with nivolumab in patients with recurrent malignant gliomaR01CA236500 · NCI · BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE · PI BADIE, BEHNAM, BROWN, CHRISTINE · 2019 to 2024
$3.3MPURPOSE OF THE NGVB CONTRACT IS TO CONTINUE SUPPORTING GENE THERAPY RESEARCH.75N92019D00018 · OD · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · 2019 to 2023
$1.7MPhase 1 Study of Cellular Immunotherapy Using Optimized IL13Ra2 Specific CAR T cells for the Treatment of Malignant Glioma R01FD005129 · FDA · BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE · PI BADIE, BEHNAM, BROWN, CHRISTINE · 2015 to 2017
$600kDynamic Magnetic Targeting of Activated Brain Macrophages for Glioma TherapyR21NS081594 · NINDS · BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE · PI BADIE, BEHNAM, BERLIN, JACOB M · 2013 to 2014
$465kNovel Cell Delivery Method for Brain Tumor TherapyR21CA189223 · NCI · BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE · PI BADIE, BEHNAM · 2014 to 2015
$414kREGULATION OF THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF THE OPIOID PEPTIDES AND OTHER NEUROPEPTIDESZ01HL000018 · NHLBI · HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE · PI SABOL, S L · 1985 to 1992
–FDA HHS R01 FD005129NCI NIH HHS K12 CA001727NCI NIH HHS P30 CA033572NCI NIH HHS R01 CA155769NCI NIH HHS R01 CA236500NCI NIH HHS R21 CA189223NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92019D00018NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS081594
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is an emerging strategy to improve treatment outcomes for recurrent high-grade glioma, a cancer that responds poorly to current therapies. Here we report a completed phase I trial evaluating IL-13Rα2-targeted CAR-T cells in 65 patients with recurrent high-grade glioma, the majority being recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM). Primary objectives were safety and feasibility, maximum tolerated dose/maximum feasible dose and a recommended phase 2 dose plan. Secondary objectives included overall survival, disease response, cytokine dynamics and tumor immune contexture biomarkers. This trial evolved to evaluate three routes of locoregional T cell administration (intratumoral (ICT), intraventricular (ICV) and dual ICT/ICV) and two manufacturing platforms, culminating in arm 5, which utilized dual ICT/ICV delivery and an optimized manufacturing process. Locoregional CAR-T cell administration was feasible and well tolerated, and as there were no dose-limiting toxicities across all arms, a maximum tolerated dose was not determined. Probable treatment-related grade 3+ toxicities were one grade 3 encephalopathy and one grade 3 ataxia. A clinical maximum feasible dose of 200 × 10
Indexed as
GlioblastomaGliomaReceptors, Chimeric AntigenHumansImmunotherapy, AdoptiveNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalT-LymphocytesReceptors, Chimeric Antigen
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT05577091ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07422896ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.