ArticleScientific reports2024
A revisited history of cacao domestication in pre-Columbian times revealed by archaeogenomic approaches.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic Sampling and Population Structure of Farmer-Maintained Varieties Reveal Previously Uncharacterized Diversity of Theobroma cacao L. in Costa Rica.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- From genomics to domestication: biocultural history of the Neotropical palms Acrocomia aculeata and Acrocomia totai.Annals of botany · 2026Article
- Review
- Cacao in the Mississippian World: Archaeogenomic evidence for T. cacao consumption at the Etowah Site, Georgia.PloS one · 2026Article
- Geographic and species-specific determinants of rhizosphere microbiome assembly inISME communications · 2026Article
- Wild or Introduced? Investigating the Genetic Landscape of Cacao Populations in South America.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Assessing the Sensitivity and Efficiency of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for High-Concentration Cadmium Detection in Cocoa Powder.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activity of Seeds and Mucilage of Non-Traditional Cocoas.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessing genetic redundancy and diversity in Colombian cacao germplasm banks using SNP fingerprinting.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Cocoa bean metabolomics reveals polyphenols as potential markers relating to fine dark chocolate color shades.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- A novel combination of in vitro propagation and hydroponic culture for hybrid cacao (Applications in plant sciencesArticle
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Authors and funding
23 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Humans have a long history of transporting and trading plants, contributing to the evolution of domesticated plants. Theobroma cacao originated in the Neotropics from South America. However, little is known about its domestication and use in these regions. In this study, ceramic residues from a large sample of pre-Columbian cultures from South and Central America were analyzed using archaeogenomic and biochemical approaches. Here we show, for the first time, the widespread use of cacao in South America out of its native Amazonian area of origin, extending back 5000 years, likely supported by cultural interactions between the Amazon and the Pacific coast. We observed that strong genetic mixing between geographically distant cacao populations occurred as early as the middle Holocene, in South America, driven by humans, favoring the adaptation of T. cacao to new environments. This complex history of cacao domestication is the basis of today's cacao tree populations and its knowledge can help us better manage their genetic resources.
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