Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38449463›Full record

ArticleNarra J2021

Persistence of long COVID symptoms in COVID-19 survivors worldwide and its potential pathogenesis - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Marhami Fahriani, Muhammad Ilmawan, Jonny K Fajar, Helnida A Maliga, Andri Frediansyah, Sri Masyeni, Hanifah Yusuf, Firzan Nainu, Francesco Rosiello, Salin Sirinam and 2 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Narra J, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.

Marhami FahrianiMedical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia.
Muhammad IlmawanFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
Jonny K FajarMedical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia.
Helnida A MaligaFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
Andri FrediansyahResearch Division for Natural Product Technology (BPTBA), Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Wonosari, Indonesia.
Sri MasyeniDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.
Hanifah YusufDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia.
Firzan NainuFaculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Francesco RosielloDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza-University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Salin SirinamDepartment of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Synat KeamSchool of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Youdiil OphinniRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Syiah Kuala University · IDUniversity of Brawijaya · IDHasanuddin University · IDIndonesian Institute of Sciences · IDMahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit · THRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard · USSapienza University of Rome · ITUniversity of Western Australia · AUWarmadewa University · ID

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The study sought to determine the prevalence of persistent long COVID symptoms such as anxiety, depression, dizziness, chest pain, sleep difficulty, palpitations, weight loss, and hair loss among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors worldwide and to discuss the potential pathogeneses. Potential studies were searched in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) as of January 30, 2021. Data on study characteristics, patient characteristics during the follow-up, the number of patients with persistent long COVID symptoms and total COVID-19 survivors were collected according to PRISMA guidelines. To assess the quality of studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used. The estimated prevalence of each long COVID symptom and the association between COVID-19 severity and the occurrence of prolonged symptoms was assessed, if appropriate. The global prevalence of prolonged anxiety was 15.76% (95%CI: 6.36%, 25.15%). Chest pain persisted in 10.36% (239/3,224) of COVID-19 patients (95%CI: 4.92%, 15.80%). Prolonged depression was found in 24 of 548 COVID-19 survivors with an estimated prevalence of 4.32% (95%CI: 2.62%, 6.03%) and dizziness was presented in 4.83% (118/2,219, 95%CI: 1.50%, 8.16%) after recovery. Hair loss was complained by 527 of 2,251 recovered patients (cumulative prevalence of 24.76%, 95%CI: 19.60%, 29.91%), while weight loss was identified in 37 cases among 452 COVID-19 survivors (8.19%, 95%CI: 5.66%, 10.71%). Prolonged palpitation was experienced by 19.38% (211/1,926) survivors with 95%CI: 2.40%, 41.16%. Sleep difficulty was found in 541 of 2,622 COVID-19 survivors (17.87%, 95%CI: 7.55%, 28.20%). The association between COVID-19 severity and the occurrence of persistent long COVID symptoms was not analyzed due to the lack of data. In conclusion, persistent psychological symptoms are frequently reported among COVID-19 survivors. Follow-up studies with a longer duration and larger population are warranted to assess the extent of prolonged symptoms and the quality of life of COVID-19 survivors. Despite various potential pathogeneses that have been hypothesized, a definitive mechanism is yet to be addressed. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021247172.

Indexed as

COVID-19follow-up studylong COVIDprolonged symptomsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID38449463
PMCPMC10914031
OpenAlexW3192287900

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.