ArticleRespiratory research2024
Association and mediation between educational attainment and respiratory diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Respiratory research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Risk Factor Atlas for Allergy-Related Airway Diseases: Evidence From Multi-Biobank Genetic Study.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026Article
- Inflammatory score, intrinsic capacity and the risk of new-onset chronic lung disease: a cohort study from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Assessment of the causal effect of lifestyle factors on postoperative infections based on Mendelian randomization.Medicine · 2025Article
- Causal associations between environmental factors and risk of IgA nephropathy and membranous nephropathy: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Dual roles of amino acid metabolic reprogramming in chronic airway diseases and lung cancer: therapeutic opportunities and challenges.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Review
- Impact of spring festival on pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing first embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comorbidity of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: correlation and optimization of treatment strategies.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Review
- Mendelian randomization study on the causal relationships among fasting blood glucose, plasma proteins, and squamous cell lung cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Mendelian Randomization Evidence for Relationship and Mediation of Educational Attainment on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Relationships between vitamin C intake and COPD assessed by machine learning approaches from the NHANES (2017-2023).Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRespiratory diseases are a major health burden, and educational inequalities may influence disease prevalence. We aim to evaluate the causal link between educational attainment and respiratory disease, and to determine the mediating influence of several known modifiable risk factors.
methodsWe conducted a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables for educational attainment and respiratory diseases. Additionally, we performed a multivariable MR analysis to estimate the direct causal effect of each exposure variable included in the analysis on the outcome, conditional on the other exposure variables included in the model. The mediating roles of body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and smoking were also assessed.
findingsMR analyses provide evidence of genetically predicted educational attainment on the risk of FEV1 (β = 0.10, 95% CI 0.06, 0.14), FVC (β = 0.12, 95% CI 0.07, 0.16), FEV1/FVC (β = - 0.005, 95% CI - 0.05, 0.04), lung cancer (OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.45, 0.65) and asthma (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.78, 0.94). Multivariable MR dicated the effect of educational attainment on FEV1 (β = 0.10, 95% CI 0.04, 0.16), FVC (β = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01, 0.12), FEV1/FVC (β = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01, 0.01), lung cancer (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.42, 0.71) and asthma (OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.78, 0.99) persisted after adjusting BMI and cigarettes per day. Of the 23 potential risk factors, BMI, smoking may partially mediate the relationship between education and lung disease.
conclusionHigh levels of educational attainment have a potential causal protective effect on respiratory diseases. Reducing smoking and adiposity may be a target for the prevention of respiratory diseases attributable to low educational attainment.
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