ArticleNature communications2024
Comparing frequency of booster vaccination to prevent severe COVID-19 by risk group in the United States.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of probiotics on COVID-19 prevention and treatment against mild COVID-19 in outpatient care: A systematic review.Nutrition and health · 2026Pooled it
- A booster dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine targeting virus variants sustains protective humoral and cellular immunity.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Messaging in Emergency Departments: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Rethinking seasonal COVID-19 vaccination in the endemic era: summer timing, eligibility, and frequency in the United States.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Increased In-Hospital Mortality in Immunocompromised Individuals Hospitalized With COVID-19 During the Global Pandemic: A Multinational Cohort Study in the EuCARE Project.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A simple and powerful test of vaccine waning.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Prospective Biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Seroconversion in Patients with Haematological Malignancies.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Age-specific patterns of all-cause mortality across COVID-19 booster dose groups in two Japanese municipalities: an exploratory analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Observational
- Economic Analyses of COVID-19 Interventions: A Narrative Review of Global Evidence.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Dysregulated inflammation in solid tumor malignancy patients shapes polyfunctional antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Understanding and improving vaccine efficacy in older adults.Nature aging · 2025Review
- Review
- Predictors affecting vaccine hesitancy towards annual COVID-19 booster shots among populations from different countries.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Optimal Timing of Vaccination: A Narrative Review of Integrating Strategies for COVID-19, Influenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Review
- Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients with hematological and oncological diseases in early 2024.Blood research · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Genetic Insights, Epidemiological Tracking, and Implications for Vaccine Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The WHO Algorithm for Causality Assessment of Adverse Effects Following Immunization with Genetic-Based Anti-COVID-19 Vaccines: Pitfalls and Suggestions for Improvement.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination induces robust antibody responses but few adverse events among SARS-CoV-2 naïve nursing home residents.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Influence of mRNA Covid-19 vaccine dosing interval on the risk of myocarditis.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There is a public health need to understand how different frequencies of COVID-19 booster vaccines may mitigate the risk of severe COVID-19, while accounting for waning of protection and differential risk by age and immune status. By analyzing United States COVID-19 surveillance and seroprevalence data in a microsimulation model, here we show that more frequent COVID-19 booster vaccination (every 6-12 months) in older age groups and the immunocompromised population would effectively reduce the burden of severe COVID-19, while frequent boosters in the younger population may only provide modest benefit against severe disease. In persons 75+ years, the model estimated that annual boosters would reduce absolute annual risk of severe COVID-19 by 199 (uncertainty interval: 183-232) cases per 100,000 persons, compared to a one-time booster vaccination. In contrast, for persons 18-49 years, the model estimated that annual boosters would reduce this risk by 14 (10-19) cases per 100,000 persons. Those with prior infection had lower benefit of more frequent boosting, and immunocompromised persons had larger benefit. Scenarios with emerging variants with immune evasion increased the benefit of more frequent variant-targeted boosters. This study underscores the benefit of considering key risk factors to inform frequency of COVID-19 booster vaccines in public health guidance and ensuring at least annual boosters in high-risk populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.