ArticleArchives of toxicology2024
A-series agent A-234: initial in vitro and in vivo characterization.
Article in Archives of toxicology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- p-Nitrophenoxy analogs as practical surrogates for Novichok-related biomarker verification in forensic toxicology.Forensic toxicology · 2026Article
- AHAK: a new effective medical countermeasure against percutaneous intoxication by Novichok chemical warfare agents.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Next-generation broad-spectrum reactivators for effective countermeasure against organophosphorus poisoning.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Hydrolysis mechanisms for A-series (Novichok) nerve agents at different pH V and computational simulant screening.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Challenges and advances in the development of antidotes against A-series nerve agents.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Nanodiamond mediated delivery of pyridinium oxime antidotes to central nervous system for potential treatment of exposure to nerve agents.Chemico-biological interactions · 2025Article
- Accelerating countermeasure candidate discovery for A-series chemical warfare agent exposure.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Synthesis and in vitro assessment of the reactivation profile of clinically available oximes on the acetylcholinesterase model inhibited by A-230 nerve agent surrogate.Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- Undescribed Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids fromJournal of natural products · 2024Article
- Applications of Microbial Organophosphate-Degrading Enzymes to Detoxification of Organophosphorous Compounds for Medical Countermeasures against Poisoning and Environmental Remediation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Acetohydroxamic acid salts: mild, simple and effective degradation reagents to counter Novichok nerve agents.RSC advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A-series agent A-234 belongs to a new generation of nerve agents. The poisoning of a former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter in Salisbury, England, in March 2018 led to the inclusion of A-234 and other A-series agents into the Chemical Weapons Convention. Even though five years have already passed, there is still very little information on its chemical properties, biological activities, and treatment options with established antidotes. In this article, we first assessed A-234 stability in neutral pH for subsequent experiments. Then, we determined its inhibitory potential towards human recombinant acetylcholinesterase (HssAChE; EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (HssBChE; EC 3.1.1.8), the ability of HI-6, obidoxime, pralidoxime, methoxime, and trimedoxime to reactivate inhibited cholinesterases (ChEs), its toxicity in rats and therapeutic effects of different antidotal approaches. Finally, we utilized molecular dynamics to explain our findings. The results of spontaneous A-234 hydrolysis showed a slow process with a reaction rate displaying a triphasic course during the first 72 h (the residual concentration 86.2%). A-234 was found to be a potent inhibitor of both human ChEs (HssAChE IC
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