Trial reportWomen's health (London, England)
The role of probiotics in improving menstrual health in women with primary dysmenorrhoea: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (the PERIOD study).
Trial report in Women's health (London, England). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04119011 (A Novel Approach to Manipulate Intestinal Homeostasis in Primary Dysmenorrhoea Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Novel Approach to Manipulate Intestinal Homeostasis in Primary Dysmenorrhoea Women: a Randomised Controlled Trial
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-management strategies for menstrual cycle symptoms: a systematic review.BMC women's health · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of probiotic supplementation in reducing primary dysmenorrhea: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Trial
- The Female Reproductive Microbiome: Mechanistic Insights and Bioengineering Perspectives.Biology · 2026Review
- Nutrition and Endometriosis: Current Evidence on Dietary Risk Factors and Clinical Impact - A Narrative Review.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Efficacy of Gut Microbiome-Targeted Interventions on Mental Health Symptoms in Women Across Key Hormonal Life Stages: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Complementary and alternative therapies in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Review
- The association between obesity-related indicators and female infertility: the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2018.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrimary dysmenorrhea is associated with poorer quality of life; however, the causal mechanism remains unclear. A vast body of literature supports the use of oral probiotics for relief from the symptoms of endometriosis; however, to our knowledge, no study has prescribed probiotics for primary dysmenorrhea.
objectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 3-month supplementation with oral probiotics on quality of life and inflammatory markers in women with primary dysmenorrhea.
designRandomized placebo-controlled trial.
methodsA total of 72 patients (36 patients in each arm) were randomized to receive either oral sachets containing 5 billion colony-forming units each of
resultsThere was no significant difference in the quality of life scores between the probiotic and placebo groups. Both groups showed significant improvement in pain (visual analog scale) and severity (verbal rating scale) scores but the probiotic group had much lower nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (odds ratio: 0.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.26-1.83) and better mental health scores (mean change: 6.5,
conclusionTested oral probiotics improved mental health and potentially reduced the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; however, there was no significant change in inflammatory markers. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm the findings. REGISTRATION: This study is registered under ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04119011).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.