ArticleAnnals of botany2024
Crop-to-wild gene flow in wild coffee species: the case of Coffea canephora in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Article in Annals of botany, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Tunisian Festuca Arundinacea Schreb. Revealed by Functional Gene-Based Markers.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Uncovering the historic genetic diversity of Ugandan Robusta coffee germplasm: a foundation for core collection design.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Genomic discrimination of the botanical groups conilon and robusta of Coffea canephora.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genetic diversity and population structure ofFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Genetic improvement of robusta coffee (Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Evaluating physiological traits ofPhotosynthetica · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsPlant breeders are increasingly turning to crop wild relatives (CWRs) to ensure food security in a rapidly changing environment. However, CWR populations are confronted with various human-induced threats, including hybridization with their nearby cultivated crops. This might be a particular problem for wild coffee species, which often occur near coffee cultivation areas. Here, we briefly review the evidence for wild Coffea arabica (cultivated as Arabica coffee) and Coffea canephora (cultivated as Robusta coffee) and then focused on C. canephora in the Yangambi region in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. There, we examined the geographical distribution of cultivated C. canephora and the incidence of hybridization between cultivated and wild individuals within the rainforest.
methodsWe collected 71 C. canephora individuals from home gardens and 12 C. canephora individuals from the tropical rainforest in the Yangambi region and genotyped them using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). We compared the fingerprints with existing GBS data from 388 C. canephora individuals from natural tropical rainforests and the INERA Coffee Collection, a Robusta coffee field gene bank and the most probable source of cultivated genotypes in the area. We then established robust diagnostic fingerprints that genetically differentiate cultivated from wild coffee, identified cultivated-wild hybrids and mapped their geographical position in the rainforest. KEY
resultsWe identified cultivated genotypes and cultivated-wild hybrids in zones with clear anthropogenic activity, and where cultivated C. canephora in home gardens may serve as a source for crop-to-wild gene flow. We found relatively few hybrids and backcrosses in the rainforests.
conclusionsThe cultivation of C. canephora in close proximity to its wild gene pool has led to cultivated genotypes and cultivated-wild hybrids appearing within the natural habitats of C. canephora. Yet, given the high genetic similarity between the cultivated and wild gene pool, together with the relatively low incidence of hybridization, our results indicate that the overall impact in terms of risk of introgression remains limited so far.
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