ReviewEndocrine reviews2024
Mini-Puberty, Physiological and Disordered: Consequences, and Potential for Therapeutic Replacement.
Review in Endocrine reviews, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management of gynecomastia in adolescence and adults: the clinical practice guidelines from the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS).Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Guideline
- Reversal of Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Gonadotropin Therapy for Mini-Puberty Induction in Male Infants With Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal-Neonatal Metabolic Continuity and Early Postnatal HPG Axis Activity in Healthy Term Neonates.Clinical endocrinology · 2026Article
- Genetic landscape of a neonatal hypogonadotropic hypogonadism series: Novel variants and phenotypic spectrum.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Puberty suppression and sexual well-being in transgender and gender-diverse individuals: evidence- and experience-based counselling and future research directions.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- A literature overview of age- and Tanner stage-specific reference intervals for sex hormones for children aged 0-18 years.Journal of molecular endocrinology · 2026Review
- Management of andrological disorders from childhood and adolescence to transition age: guidelines from the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS) in collaboration with the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (SIEDP) - part-2.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Reversible congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: keys for clinical management.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Retrospective, multicentre evaluation of central congenital hypothyroidism in the UK.European thyroid journal · 2026Article
- Environmental estrogens and animal reproductive health: mechanisms, biomarkers, and intervention approaches.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Unraveling 'F' factor: towards a genetic-clinical framework for the musculoskeletal-heart crosstalk in metabolic aging.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Gonadotropin Therapy to Induce Spermatogenesis and Fertility in Men with Pathologic Gonadotropin Deficiency.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- A transient sex-biased transcriptional program shapes early postnatal L2/3 neuron development.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Association between serum prolactin and anterior pituitary dysfunction in pituitary stalk interruption syndrome: a retrospective study of 155 patients from a large tertiary medical center in China.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Article
- The ontogeny of sex differences in exercise performance.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Timing matters: a prospective investigation of father absence and pubertal timing in girls and boys.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Growth standards from birth to age 5: a population-specific retrospective longitudinal "WeChildren-Ningbo" study of 500 000 children and comparative analysis with WHO/national references.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Gonadotropins Across the Lifespan: Their role in the Neurodevelopment-Neurodegeneration Continuum.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2026Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
There are 3 physiological waves of central hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis activity over the lifetime. The first occurs during fetal life, the second-termed "mini-puberty"-in the first months after birth, and the third at puberty. After adolescence, the axis remains active all through adulthood. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion or action. In cases of severe CHH, all 3 waves of GnRH pulsatility are absent. The absence of fetal HPG axis activation manifests in around 50% of male newborns with micropenis and/or undescended testes (cryptorchidism). In these boys, the lack of the mini-puberty phase accentuates testicular immaturity. This is characterized by a low number of Sertoli cells, which are important for future reproductive capacity. Thus, absent mini-puberty will have detrimental effects on later fertility in these males. The diagnosis of CHH is often missed in infants, and even if recognized, there is no consensus on optimal therapeutic management. Here we review physiological mini-puberty and consequences of central HPG axis disorders; provide a diagnostic approach to allow for early identification of these conditions; and review current treatment options for replacement of mini-puberty in male infants with CHH. There is evidence from small case series that replacement with gonadotropins to mimic "mini-puberty" in males could have beneficial outcomes not only regarding testis descent, but also normalization of testis and penile sizes. Moreover, such therapeutic replacement regimens in disordered mini-puberty could address both reproductive and nonreproductive implications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.