Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38436247›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2024

GTPase activity of porcine Mx1 plays a dominant role in inhibiting the N-Nsp9 interaction and thus inhibiting PRRSV replication.

Yue Hu, Xiangju Wu, Yunfei Tian, Dandan Jiang, Jinrui Ren, Ziyong Li, Xiuliang Ding, Quanfang Zhang, Dongwan Yoo, Laura C Miller and 5 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. CombinedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Yue HuShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8290-9845
Xiangju WuShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Yunfei TianShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Dandan JiangShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Jinrui RenShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Ziyong LiShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Xiuliang DingAnimal Nutrition Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China.
Quanfang ZhangShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Dongwan YooDepartment of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6730-9729
Laura C MillerDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
Changhee LeeCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
Xiaoyan CongShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Juntong LiShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Yijun DuShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9215-4637
Jing QiShandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5688-5579
Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences · CNChongqing Academy of Animal Science · CNGyeongsang National University · KRKansas State University · USUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · US

Funding

MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 32373094, 32102710| Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province () ZR2021ZD08, R2020KC005, ZR2021MC139, ZR2023MC076the Agricultural Scienfitic and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences CXGC2023A21, CXGC2023G03U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 2018-67015-28287, 2023-67015-39710
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Porcine Mx1 is a type of interferon-induced GTPase that inhibits the replication of certain RNA viruses. However, the antiviral effects and the underlying mechanism of porcine Mx1 for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that porcine Mx1 could significantly inhibit PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells. By Mx1 segment analysis, it was indicated that the GTPase domain (68-341aa) was the functional area to inhibit PRRSV replication and that Mx1 interacted with the PRRSV-N protein through the GTPase domain (68-341aa) in the cytoplasm. Amino acid residues K295 and K299 in the G domain of Mx1 were the key sites for Mx1-N interaction while mutant proteins Mx1(K295A) and Mx1(K299A) still partially inhibited PRRSV replication. Furthermore, we found that the GTPase activity of Mx1 was dominant for Mx1 to inhibit PRRSV replication but was not essential for Mx1-N interaction. Finally, mechanistic studies demonstrated that the GTPase activity of Mx1 played a dominant role in inhibiting the N-Nsp9 interaction and that the interaction between Mx1 and N partially inhibited the N-Nsp9 interaction. We propose that the complete anti-PRRSV mechanism of porcine Mx1 contains a two-step process: Mx1 binds to the PRRSV-N protein and subsequently disrupts the N-Nsp9 interaction by a process requiring the GTPase activity of Mx1. Taken together, the results of our experiments describe for the first time a novel mechanism by which porcine Mx1 evolves to inhibit PRRSV replication. IMPORTANCE: Mx1 protein is a key mediator of the interferon-induced antiviral response against a wide range of viruses. How porcine Mx1 affects the replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and its biological function has not been studied. Here, we show that Mx1 protein inhibits PRRSV replication by interfering with N-Nsp9 interaction. Furthermore, the GTPase activity of porcine Mx1 plays a dominant role and the Mx1-N interaction plays an assistant role in this interference process. This study uncovers a novel mechanism evolved by porcine Mx1 to exert anti-PRRSV activities.

Indexed as

Myxovirus Resistance ProteinsPorcine Reproductive and Respiratory SyndromePorcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virusViral Nonstructural ProteinsVirus ReplicationAnimalsCell LineInterferonsMutationProtein BindingSwineInterferonsMyxovirus Resistance ProteinsViral Nonstructural Proteinsantiviral agentsinterferonsMx1porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Identifiers

PMID38436247
PMCPMC11019876
OpenAlexW4392369180

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.