ArticleCyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.)2024
Double-Modal Locomotion of a Hydrogel Ultra-Soft Magnetic Miniature Robot with Switchable Forms.
Article in Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preparation and Phase Transition Study of a Multi-Environmentally Sensitive Hydrogel.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- An implantable dual-chamber capsule with three release modes for site-specific delivery and enhanced therapeutic efficacy.iScience · 2026Article
- Translational Application of Biomedical Microrobots in Female Reproductive System.ACS nano medicine · 2026Review
- Magnetically controlled multimodal motion for environmentally adaptive soft millirobots with transformable wheel-leg morphology.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Article
- Lysozyme Functionalized Alginate-Chitosan Beads and Films for Different Release Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Autonomous Microrobots for Spatiotemporally Active Therapeutic Delivery and Controlled Release.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Cefadroxil-Mupirocin Integrated Electrospun Nanofiber Films for Burn Wound Therapy.Current drug delivery · 2026Article
- Ultrasoft hydrogel immune millirobot with multimodal locomotion.Science advances · 2025Article
- Numerical Investigation of Halbach-Array-Based Flexible Magnetic Sensors for Wide-Range Deformation Detection.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Micro/nano-robotic medical device: preparation, actuation mechanisms and their applications in medicine.RSC advances · 2025Review
- A Magnetically Transformable Twisting Millirobot for Cargo Delivery at Low Reynolds Number.Advanced intelligent systems (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- A Soft Reconfigurable Inverted Climbing Robot Based on Magneto-Elastica-Reinforced Elastomer.Micromachines · 2025Article
- Hydrogels in Veterinary Vaccine Development: Types, Mechanisms, and Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Template-free 3D programmable magnetization of soft millirobots induced by interlayer stress.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- In-situ gel bases ocular delivery system of Ganciclovir, in-vivo and in-vitro investigation.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- Multifunctional Janus Hydrogels: Surface Design Strategies for Next-Generation Clinical Solutions.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Crosslinking a nanocomposite by zirconium sulfate to synthesize a high-durable new-generation polymer gel.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review of Research Advances in In Situ Gel Drug Delivery Systems from 2003 to 2023.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Enzymatically Cross-Linked Hydrogel Beads Based on a Novel Poly(aspartamide) Derivative.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Flexible miniature robots are expected to enter difficult-to-reach areas in vivo to carry out targeted operations, attracting widespread attention. However, it is challenging for the existing soft miniature robots to substantially alter their stable shape once the structure is designed. This limitation leads to a fixed motion mode, which subsequently restricts their operating environment. In this study, we designed a biocompatible flexible miniature robot with a variable stable form that is capable of adapting to complex terrain environments through multiple movement modes. Inspired by the reversible stretching reaction of alginate saline gel stimulated by changes in environmental ion concentration, we manufactured a morphologically changeable super-soft hydrogel miniature robot body. According to the stretch and contraction shapes of the flexible hydrogel miniature robot, we designed magnetic fields for swing and rolling motion modes to realize multi-shape movement. The experimental results demonstrate that the deflection angle of the designed flexible miniature robot is reversible and can reach a maximum of 180°. The flexible miniature robot can complete forward swinging in the bar stretch state and tumbling motion in the spherical state. We anticipate that flexible hydrogel miniature robots with multiple morphologies and multimodal motion have great potential for biomedical applications in complex, unstructured, and enclosed living environments.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.